Background The use of large-scale genomic analyses has resulted in an improvement of transposable element sampling and a significant increase in the number of reported HTT (horizontal transfer of transposable elements) events by expanding the sampling of transposable element sequences in general and of specific families of these elements in particular, which were previously poorly sampled. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of HTT events in a group of elements that, until recently, were uncommon among the HTT records in Drosophila - the Jockey elements, members of the LINE (long interspersed nuclear element) order of non-LTR (long terminal repeat) retrotransposons. The sequences of 111 Jockey families deposited in Repbase that met the criteria of the analysis were used to identify Jockey sequences in 48 genomes of Drosophilidae (genus Drosophila, subgenus Sophophora: melanogaster, obscura and willistoni groups; subgenus Drosophila: immigrans, melanica, repleta, robusta, virilis and grimshawi groups; subgenus Dorsilopha: busckii group; genus/subgenus Zaprionus and genus Scaptodrosophila). Results Phylogenetic analyses revealed 72 Jockey families in 41 genomes. Combined analyses revealed 15 potential HTT events between species belonging to different genera and species groups of Drosophilidae, providing evidence for the flow of genetic material favoured by the spatio-temporal sharing of these species present in the Palaeartic or Afrotropical region. Conclusions Our results provide phylogenetic, biogeographic and temporal evidence of horizontal transfers of the Jockey elements, increase the number of rare records of HTT in specific families of LINE elements, increase the number of known occurrences of these events, and enable a broad understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of these elements and the host species.

中文翻译：

---

果蝇骑师家族（LINE 顺序）中水平转移的高频率。

背景 大规模基因组分析的使用通过扩大一般和特定家族的转座子序列采样，改善了转座子采样，并显着增加了报告的 HTT（转座子水平转移）事件的数量尤其是这些元素，这些元素以前采样不佳。在这项研究中，我们调查了一组元素中 HTT 事件的发生，直到最近，这些元素在果蝇的 HTT 记录中并不常见 - Jockey 元素，非 LTR 的 LINE（长散布的核元素）顺序的成员（长末端重复）反转录转座子。使用 Repbase 中符合分析标准的 111 个 Jockey 家族的序列来鉴定果蝇科 48 个基因组中的 Jockey 序列（果蝇属、槐亚属：黑腹果蝇、黑腹和威利斯托尼组；果蝇亚属：移民、黑果蝇、 robusta、virilis 和 grimshawi 组；Dorsilopha 亚属：busckii 组；Zaprionus 属/亚属和 Scaptodrosophila 属）。结果系统发育分析揭示了 41 个基因组中的 72 个骑师家族。综合分析揭示了属于不同属的物种和果蝇科物种群之间的 15 个潜在 HTT 事件，为古地球或非洲热带地区存在的这些物种的时空共享所青睐的遗传物质流动提供了证据。结论 我们的结果提供了系统发育、