Background and aimHepatitis B caused by HBV is a serious public health hazard prevalent worldwide including Bangladesh. Few scattered molecular studies of HBV have been reported in Bangladesh. This study aimed to analyze the genetic variability of RT/HBsAg overlapping region of HBV isolates of Bangladesh and determination of correlation among the genotype/serotype and HBsAg escape and/or drug-resistant mutations.MethodsA total of 97 complete HBsAg sequences of Bangladeshi HBV isolates from 2005 to 2017 from NCBI GenBank were extracted and analyzed using several HBV bioinformatics tools such as Geno2pheno-HBV, HBV Serotyper, HIV-Grade:HBV-Tool, and CLC sequence viewer.ResultsThe prevalence of genotypes A, C, and D are 18, 46 and 35% which correspond to serotype adw, adr, and ayw, respectively. The prevalence of HBsAg escape mutations is 51% and most of which (62%) are found in the genotype D followed by 32% in genotype C and 6% in genotype A. Interestingly most (24/36) of the sequences of HBsAg escape mutations contained 128 V mutant which all belongs to only serotype ayw3 (Genotype D). Prevalence of drug-resistant mutations is ~ 11%, most of which are from genotype C (63.64%) and D (36.36%). Lamivudine resistant mutations were found in ~ 11% of sequences followed by Telbivudine 10% and Adefovir 3% where Tenofovir showed susceptibility to all 97 sequences. Moreover, 7 among of 97 sequences showed both HBsAg and drugs resistant mutations and none of them are found due to the same nucleotide substitutions.ConclusionThere is a strong correlation among the genotype/serotype and HBsAg escape and/or drug-resistant mutations. This meta-analytical review will be helpful for genotype-serotype prediction by PCR-based diagnosis and development of vaccine and/or diagnostic kits, and the treatment against HBV infection in the future.

中文翻译：

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孟加拉国乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）分离株 RT/HBsAg 重叠区遗传变异的荟萃分析

背景与目的 HBV 引起的乙型肝炎是一种严重的公共卫生危害，在包括孟加拉国在内的世界范围内普遍存在。在孟加拉国，很少有关于 HBV 的零散分子研究报道。本研究旨在分析孟加拉国HBV分离株RT/HBsAg重叠区的遗传变异性，并确定基因型/血清型与HBsAg逃逸和/或耐药突变之间的相关性。方法总共97个孟加拉国HBV分离株的完整HBsAg序列使用Geno2pheno-HBV、HBV Serotyper、HIV-Grade:HBV-Tool和CLC序列查看器等几种HBV生物信息学工具对NCBI GenBank中2005年至2017年的数据进行提取和分析。结果基因型A、C和D的患病率分别为18 、46% 和 35% 分别对应血清型 adw、adr 和 ayw。HBsAg 逃逸突变的发生率为 51%，其中大部分 (62%) 在基因型 D 中发现，其次是基因型 C 中的 32% 和基因型 A 中的 6%。有趣的是，大多数 (24/36) 的 HBsAg 逃逸序列突变包含 128 V 突变体，它们都只属于血清型 ayw3（基因型 D）。耐药突变的患病率约为 11%，其中大部分来自基因型 C (63.64%) 和 D (36.36%)。在约 11% 的序列中发现了拉米夫定耐药突变，随后是 10% 的替比夫定和 3% 的阿德福韦，其中替诺福韦对所有 97 个序列均显示出敏感性。此外，97个序列中有7个同时显示HBsAg和耐药突变，但没有发现是由于相同的核苷酸取代。结论基因型/血清型与HBsAg逃逸和/或耐药突变之间存在很强的相关性。