Anger rumination has been defined as a repetitive thinking style focused on causes and consequences of anger. Different studies have shown the role of anger rumination as a maintaining factor for emotional arousal and stress that can lead to behavioral dysregulation. The present study aims at investigating whether the role of anger rumination in increasing anger is different with respect to different anger scenarios. Moreover, effects of anger rumination on anger will be compared with the effects of 2 different thinking styles (cognitive reappraisal and distraction). Participants were asked to complete a batch of questionnaires assessing trait and state anger and anger rumination; after that, they were asked to identify themselves in different scenarios aimed at eliciting anger for different reasons. Finally, a specific thinking style was induced by reading some suggestions to each participant. Levels of anger were recorded before and after each induction. The type of scenario did not show any influence on levels of anger. All the thinking styles reduced levels of anger, and anger rumination had the smallest impact on anger measurements with respect to reappraisal and distraction. Scenarios did not show any meditational effect on the predicting power of the thinking styles on levels of arousal. Among induced thinking styles, anger rumination led to higher levels of anger, whereas cognitive reappraisal and distraction led to a greater reduction in levels of anger.

中文翻译：

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愤怒反刍对不同愤怒场景的影响：一项实验研究。

愤怒的反省被定义为一种重复的思维方式，着眼于愤怒的成因和后果。不同的研究表明，愤怒反刍是情绪唤醒和压力的维持因素，可导致行为失调。本研究旨在调查愤怒反刍在增加愤怒中的作用相对于不同的愤怒场景是否不同。此外，将愤怒发怒对愤怒的影响与两种不同思维方式（认知重估和分心）的影响进行比较。要求参与者填写一批调查问卷，以评估其性格，状态，愤怒和发怒状态。此后，他们被要求在不同的场景下表明自己的身份，目的是出于不同的原因引发愤怒。最后，通过向每个参与者阅读一些建议，可以得出一种特定的思维方式。在每次诱导之前和之后记录愤怒水平。情景类型对愤怒程度没有任何影响。所有的思维方式都减少了愤怒的程度，并且在重新评估和分散注意力方面，愤怒的反思对愤怒的测量影响最小。情境对思维方式对唤醒水平的预测能力没有显示任何冥想作用。在诱导的思维方式中，愤怒的反省导致更高的愤怒水平，而认知的重新评估和分心导致更大程度的减少愤怒。所有的思维方式都减少了愤怒的程度，并且在重新评估和分散注意力方面，愤怒的反思对愤怒的测量影响最小。情境对思维方式对唤醒水平的预测能力没有显示任何冥想作用。在诱导的思维方式中，愤怒的反省导致更高的愤怒水平，而认知的重新评估和分心导致更大程度的降低愤怒。所有的思维方式都减少了愤怒的程度，并且在重新评估和分散注意力方面，愤怒的反思对愤怒的测量影响最小。情境对思维方式对唤醒水平的预测能力没有显示任何冥想作用。在诱导的思维方式中，愤怒的反省导致更高的愤怒水平，而认知的重新评估和分心导致更大程度的降低愤怒。