The shallow submarine hydrothermal field of the Prony Bay (New Caledonia) discharges hydrogen‐ and methane‐rich fluids with low salinity, temperature (< 40°C) and high pH (11) produced by the serpentinization reactions of the ultramafic basement into the lagoon seawater. They are responsible for the formation of carbonate chimneys at the lagoon seafloor. Capillary electrophoresis single‐strand conformation polymorphism fingerprinting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA genes revealed changes in microbial community structure, abundance and diversity depending on the location, water depth, and structure of the carbonate chimneys. The low archaeal diversity was dominated by few uncultured Methanosarcinales similar to those found in other serpentinization‐driven submarine and subterrestrial ecosystems (e.g. Lost City, The Cedars). The most abundant and diverse bacterial communities were mainly composed of Chloroflexi, Deinococcus‐Thermus, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Functional gene analysis revealed similar abundance and diversity of both Methanosarcinales methanoarchaea, and Desulfovibrionales and Desulfobacterales sulfate‐reducers in the studied sites. Molecular studies suggest that redox reactions involving hydrogen, methane and sulfur compounds (e.g. sulfate) are the energy driving forces of the microbial communities inhabiting the Prony hydrothermal system.

中文翻译：

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新喀里多尼亚Prony湾浅海碱性热液场中微生物群落的空间分布。

Prony湾（新喀里多尼亚）的浅海底热液场将超镁铁质基底的蛇形化反应产生的低盐度，温度（<40°C）和高pH（11）的富含氢和甲烷的流体排放到泻湖中海水。他们负责在泻湖海底形成碳酸盐烟囱。毛细管电泳单链构象多态性指纹图谱，定量聚合酶链反应和16S rRNA基因序列分析揭示了微生物群落结构，丰度和多样性的变化，这取决于碳酸盐烟囱的位置，水深和结构。较低的古细菌多样性主要是少数未培养的甲烷菌与其他由蛇形化驱动的海底和陆地生态系统（例如，迷失之城，雪松）发现的相似。最丰富多样的细菌群落主要由绿弯菌门，异常球菌-栖热菌门，厚壁菌门和变形菌。功能基因分析显示甲烷二甲甲烷菌，脱硫弧菌和脱硫细菌的相似丰度和多样性研究地点的硫酸盐还原剂。分子研究表明，涉及氢，甲烷和硫化合物（例如硫酸盐）的氧化还原反应是居住在Prony水热系统中的微生物群落的能量驱动力。