Pectate lyases are enzymes involved in plant cell wall degradation. They cleave pectin using a β‐elimination mechanism, specific for acidic polysaccharides. They are mainly produced by plant pathogens and plant‐associated organisms, and only rarely by animals. Pectate lyases are also commonly produced in the bacterial world, either by bacteria living in close proximity with plants or by gut bacteria that find plant material in the digestive tract of their hosts. The role of pectate lyases is essential for plant pathogens, such as Dickeya dadantii, that use a set of pectate lyases as their main virulence factor. Symbiotic bacteria produce their own pectate lyases, but they also induce plant pectate lyases to initiate the symbiosis. Pectin degradation products may act as signals affecting the plant–bacteria interactions. Bacterial pectate lyases are also essential for using the pectin of dead or living plants as a carbon source for growth. In the animal gut, Bacteroides pectate lyases degrade the pectin of ingested food, and this is particularly important for herbivores that depend on their microflora for the digestion of pectin. Some human pathogens, such as Yersinia enterocolitica, produce a few intracellular pectate lyases that can facilitate their growth in the presence of highly pectinolytic bacteria, at the plant surface, in the soil or in the animal gut.

中文翻译：

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细菌果胶酸裂解酶，结构和功能的多样性。

果胶裂合酶是参与植物细胞壁降解的酶。他们使用β-消除机制裂解果胶，该机制专门针对酸性多糖。它们主要由植物病原体和与植物相关的生物产生，很少由动物产生。果胶裂合酶也通常在细菌界产生，要么是与植物紧密接触的细菌，要么是在其宿主消化道中发现植物材料的肠道细菌。果胶酶的作用是植物病原体，如基本d ickeya dadantii使用一组果胶酸裂合酶作为主要毒力因子。共生细菌产生自己的果胶酸裂合酶，但它们也诱导植物果胶酸裂合酶引发共生。果胶降解产物可能是影响植物与细菌相互作用的信号。细菌果胶酸裂合酶对于将死或活植物的果胶用作生长的碳源也是必不可少的。在动物肠道中，放线杆菌B的果胶酸裂合酶可降解摄入食物中的果胶，这对于依靠微生物群来消化果胶的草食动物尤其重要。一些人类病原体，如ÿ ersinia菌， 在植物表面，土壤或动物肠道中存在高果胶分解细菌的情况下，会产生一些细胞内果胶酸裂解酶，从而促进它们的生长。