About 10% of cultivars possessed superior resistance to four fungal diseases and association mapping for multiple disease resistance identified loci which are not detected by analyzing individual disease resistances. Multiple disease resistance (MDR) aims for cultivars that are resistant to more than one disease which is an important prerequisite for the registration of commercial cultivars. We analyzed a European winter wheat diversity panel of 158 old and new cultivars for four diseases by natural (powdery mildew) and artificial inoculation (yellow rust, stem rust, Fusarium head blight) observed on the same plot in a multilocation trial. Genotypic analyses were based on 21,543 genotype-by-sequencing markers. By association mapping, eight to 18 quantitative-trait loci (QTL) were detected for individual disease resistances, explaining in total 67-90% of the total genotypic variation. For MDR, nine QTL could be found explaining 62% of the total genotypic variation. Only three of them were also found as QTL for a single disease resistance illustrating that mapping of MDR-associated QTL can be regarded as a complementary approach. The high prediction ability obtained for MDR (> 0.9) implies that genomic prediction could be used in future, thereby eliminating the necessity to separately screen large numbers of lines in breeding programs for several diseases.

中文翻译：

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冬小麦多样性面板中多种抗病性的分子追踪。

约 10% 的品种对四种真菌病害具有优异的抗性，并且通过分析个体抗病性未检测到多种抗病性鉴定基因座的关联作图。多病抗性 (MDR) 旨在培育对一种以上疾病具有抗性的品种，这是商业品种注册的重要先决条件。我们通过在多地点试验中在同一地块上观察到的自然（白粉病）和人工接种（黄锈病、茎锈病、镰刀菌头枯病）对 158 个新旧品种的欧洲冬小麦多样性小组进行了四种病害分析。基因型分析基于 21,543 个基因型测序标记。通过关联作图，检测到 8 到 18 个数量性状基因座 (QTL) 的个体抗病性，总共解释了总基因型变异的 67-90%。对于 MDR，可以发现 9 个 QTL 解释了总基因型变异的 62%。其中只有三个也被发现是单一抗病性的 QTL，说明 MDR 相关 QTL 的定位可以被视为一种补充方法。MDR（> 0.9）获得的高预测能力意味着基因组预测可以在未来使用，从而消除了在多种疾病的育种计划中单独筛选大量品系的必要性。