Cellulose nanofiber (CN) consumption with exercise could be a potential strategy to control obesity. Here, we studied the effects of CN supplementation and voluntary exercise on obesity and gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Consumption of CN increased voluntary wheel running activity. CN intake and exercise together suppressed the increase in body weight and fat mass, and improved glucose tolerance. The fecal gut microbiota was analyzed by sequencing 16S ribosomal RNA genes. Principal component analysis revealed a shift in the microbiota composition resulting from exercise, but not from CN supplementation. Erysipelotrichaceae and Rikenellaceae decreased with exercise. Exercise also increased Ruminococcaceae, whereas exercise and CN intake together increased Eubacteriaceae. These two families are butyrate producers. Exercise increased the amount of acetate in the cecum. These results suggest that CN consumption improves exercise performance and exerts anti-obesity effects by modulating the balance of the gut microbiota.

中文翻译：

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日粮纤维素纳米纤维和运动对高脂饮食小鼠肥胖和肠道菌群的影响。

运动时摄入纤维素纳米纤维（CN）可能是控制肥胖的潜在策略。在这里，我们研究了补充CN和自愿运动对高脂饮食（HFD）喂养的小鼠的肥胖和肠道菌群的影响。氯化萘的消耗增加了自愿性车轮行驶活动。氯化萘的摄入和锻炼共同抑制了体重和脂肪量的增加，并改善了葡萄糖耐量。通过对16S核糖体RNA基因进行测序来分析粪便肠道菌群。主成分分析表明，运动引起的菌群组成发生了变化，但补充CN却没有。随运动运动，丹参科和藜科减少。运动也增加了Ruminococcaceae，而运动和摄入CN则共同增加了真细菌科。这两个家庭都是丁酸盐的生产者。运动会增加盲肠中醋酸盐的量。这些结果表明，食用氯化萘可通过调节肠道菌群的平衡来改善运动能力并发挥抗肥胖作用。