Evidence-based severity assessment in laboratory animals is, apart from the ethical responsibility, imperative to generate reproducible, standardized and valid data. However, the path towards a valid study design determining the degree of pain, distress and suffering experienced by the animal is lined with pitfalls and obstacles as we will elucidate in this review. Furthermore, we will ponder on the genesis of a holistic concept relying on multifactorial composite scales. These have to combine robust and reliable parameters to measure the multidimensional aspects that define the severity of animal experiments, generating a basis for the substantiation of the refinement principle.

中文翻译：

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我们要去哪里？循证严重性评估的挑战。

除了道德责任外，对实验动物进行循证的严重程度评估还必须生成可重复、标准化和有效的数据。然而，确定动物所经历的疼痛、痛苦和痛苦程度的有效研究设计的道路充满了陷阱和障碍，我们将在本综述中阐明。此外，我们将思考依赖于多因素复合量表的整体概念的起源。这些必须结合稳健可靠的参数来衡量定义动物实验严重程度的多维方面，为细化原则的证实奠定基础。