The phytoremediation potential of autochthonous aquatic plants has been increasingly explored. This study investigated the use of macrophytes found in natural ecosystems in the southern coast of the state of Bahia, Brazil, for treatment of dairy wastewater (DWW) using experimental systems of the floating constructed wetland type. Four species of aquatic macrophytes have been tested using floating platforms made from PET bottles. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total solids (TS), pH, and temperature of DWW were analyzed for 15 days. On the fifth day, a 74.8% (±7.7) decrease of BOD was achieved. Eichhornia crassipes (86.4%) and Eichhornia paniculata (84.8%) showed the best results, while Polygonum ferrugineum and Borreria scabiosoides achieved the removal of 65% and 74.2% of BOD, respectively. Considering the TS reduction in the DWW diluted with rainwater, the best results were obtained by Eichhornia crassipes (64.3%) and Eichhornia paniculata (65.18%). The macrophytes of the Eichhornia genus showed a greater potential for the treatment of DWW than the macrophytes Polygonum ferrugineum and Borreria scabiosoides, with a hydraulic retention time varying between four and five days.

中文翻译：

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在漂浮人工湿地中评估具有植物修复潜力的自生水生植物对乳品废水的处理。

本地水生植物的植物修复潜力已得到越来越多的探索。这项研究调查了在巴西巴伊亚州南部海岸的自然生态系统中发现的大型水生植物，用于利用浮式人工湿地类型的实验系统处理乳品废水（DWW）。使用由PET瓶制成的浮动平台对四种水生植物进行了测试。分析了15天的化学需氧量（COD），生化需氧量（BOD），总固体（TS），pH和DWW温度。在第五天，BOD降低了74.8％（±7.7）。凤眼凤梨（Eichhornia crassipes）（86.4％）和凤尾凤梨（Eichhornia paniculata，84.8％）表现出最好的效果，而何首乌（Polygonum ferrugineum）和腐殖质（Borreria scabiosoides）分别去除了BOD的65％和74.2％。考虑到用雨水稀释的DWW中的TS减少，凤眼凤梨（Eichhornia crassipes）（64.3％）和凤尾凤梨（Eichhornia paniculata）（65.18％）取得了最佳结果。凤眼菊属的大型植物显示出比二线制植物何首乌（Polygonum ferrugineum）和腐殖疏螺旋体（Borreria scabiosoides）具有更大的DWW治疗潜力，水力滞留时间在四到五天之间变化。