Land application is suggested to be the most economical sludge disposal method but is also a potential source of bisphenol analogs (BPs) to the environment. In this study, BP concentrations in sewage sludge from Henan province ranged from 15.1 to 2237 ng g-1 dw. BPA was dominant with mean concentration of 140 ng g-1 dw, followed by BPS (mean 43.4 ng g-1 dw), BPF (mean 7.98 ng g-1 dw), BPAF (mean 1.04 ng g-1 dw), BPAP (mean 0.88 ng g-1 dw), BPB (mean 0.38 ng g-1 dw), and BPZ (mean 0.33 ng g-1 dw). Apart from BPB, no significant correlations were found between BPs and wastewater treatment plants characteristics, probably because adsorption does not play a major role in the removal of BPs. The estimated total emission flux of BPs from sludge-amended soils are approximately 62.7 kg year-1. BPA is the largest contributor with emission flux of 45.3 kg year-1. Hazard quotient values for BPs in sludge-amended soils are 3-6 orders of magnitude lower than 1 with total 17β-estradiol equivalents ranging from 0.33 to 26.8 pg g-1 E2EQ dw. Overall, although being partially replaced by other analogs, BPA is still widely used in Henan province.

中文翻译：

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中部地区污水处理厂污水污泥中双酚类似物的发生和雌激素潜能

土地施用被认为是最经济的污泥处置方法，但也是环境中双酚类似物（BPs）的潜在来源。在这项研究中，河南省污水污泥中的BP浓度范围为15.1至2237 ng g-1 dw。BPA占主导地位，平均浓度为140 ng g-1 dw，其次是BPS（平均43.4 ng g-1 dw），BPF（平均7.98 ng g-1 dw），BPAF（平均1.04 ng g-1 dw），BPAP （平均0.88 ng g-1 dw），BPB（平均0.38 ng g-1 dw）和BPZ（平均0.33 ng g-1 dw）。除BPB外，未发现BP与废水处理厂的特性之间存在显着相关性，这可能是因为吸附在BP的去除中没有主要作用。污泥改良土壤的BP估计总排放通量为1年62.7 kg。BPA是最大的贡献者，排放通量为45。1年3公斤。污泥改良土壤中BP的危险商值比1低3-6个数量级，总17β-雌二醇当量范围为0.33至26.8 pg g-1 E2EQ dw。总体而言，尽管双酚A被其他类似物部分替代，但在河南省仍被广泛使用。