Objective: This study investigates whether anxiety modulates cognitive-performance, electrophysiological and electrodermal processes that we previously found impaired in individuals with ADHD. Method: Self-reported anxiety symptoms, cognitive-electrophysiological measures of response inhibition, working memory, attention, conflict monitoring, error processing, and peripheral arousal during three cognitive tasks were obtained from 87 adolescents and young adults with ADHD and 169 controls. We tested the association of anxiety symptoms with each measure and whether controlling for anxiety symptoms attenuates the ADHD-control difference for each measure. Results: Individuals with ADHD showed significantly elevated anxiety symptoms compared with controls. Only commission errors on a Continuous Performance Test (measuring response inhibition) were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms and only among controls, with the ADHD-control difference in this measure remaining significant. Conclusion: Using a wide range of cognitive, electrophysiological, and electrodermal measures, our investigation suggests, overall, limited malleability of these impairments in individuals with ADHD irrespective of their levels of anxiety.

中文翻译：

---

同时发生的焦虑症会调节多动症相关的认知和神经生理障碍吗？

目的：本研究调查焦虑症是否会调节我们先前发现的多动症患者的认知能力，电生理和皮肤电过程。方法：从87名ADHD青少年和169名对照中获得了自我报告的焦虑症状，对反应抑制的认知电生理学测量，工作记忆，注意力，冲突监测，错误处理和周围唤醒，这三项认知任务来自于87名ADHD青少年。我们测试了焦虑症状与每种措施之间的关联，以及控制焦虑症状是否减弱了每种措施的ADHD对照差异。结果：与对照组相比，多动症患者的焦虑症状明显升高。仅持续性能测试（测量反应抑制）上的委托错误与焦虑症状显着相关，并且仅在对照组之间，而该方法中的ADHD控件差异仍然很明显。结论：通过广泛的认知，电生理和皮肤电学测量，我们的研究表明，无论多动症患者的焦虑程度如何，这些损伤的可塑性均有限。