Background: In 2014, a group of 512 households in multipurpose water systems and also relying on unimproved water, sanitation, and hygiene practices in the Greater Accra region of Ghana were randomly selected to participate in water quality self-testing and also receipt of information in the form of handouts on how to improve water quality. Objectives and Research Design: Using a cluster-randomized controlled design, we study the health, sanitation, and hygiene behavior impacts of the household water quality testing and information experiment. Subjects: The study has three arms: (1) adult household members, (2) schoolgoing children, and (3) control group. Measures: The study measures the effects on handwashing with soap, cleanliness of households, and prevalence of diarrhea and self-reported fever. We also address impacts on child health and nutrition outcomes, particularly diarrhea and anthropometric outcomes. Results: We show that there is high household willingness to participate in this intervention on water quality self-testing. About 7 months after households took part in the intervention, the study finds little impacts on health outcomes and on sanitation- and hygiene-related risk-mitigating behaviors, regardless of the intervention group, either schoolchildren or adult household members. Impacts (direction and extent) are rather homogeneous for most of the outcomes across treatment groups. Conclusions: The study discusses the implications of the findings and also offers several explanations for the lack of transmission of impacts from the household water quality testing and information intervention on health outcomes and on sanitation and hygiene behaviors.

中文翻译：

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家庭水质测试和信息：确定对健康结果以及与卫生和卫生有关的风险缓解行为的影响。

背景：2014年，随机选择了加纳大阿克拉地区的512套多用途供水系统中的家庭，他们也依靠未经改善的水，环境卫生和个人卫生习惯参加水质自我测试并获得相关信息。有关如何改善水质的讲义形式。目标和研究设计：我们采用集群随机控制设计，研究了家庭水质测试和信息实验对健康，卫生和卫生行为的影响。受试者：该研究具有三个分支：（1）成年家庭成员，（2）在学儿童和（3）对照组。措施：该研究测量了对用肥皂洗手，家庭清洁以及腹泻和自我报告的发烧率的影响。我们还将解决对儿童健康和营养状况的影响，尤其是腹泻和人体测量学的影响。结果：我们表明，家庭有很高的意愿参加这种水质自测的干预措施。家庭参与干预后约7个月，无论干预组是学龄儿童还是成年家庭成员，该研究对健康结局以及与卫生和卫生相关的缓解风险行为的影响均很小。对于治疗组中的大多数结果，影响（方向和程度）相当均一。结论：