The aim of this study is to evaluate the acute effect of playing games on executive function and motor ability in Parkinson's disease (PD). Consecutive cases with PD were studied with the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Mini-Mental State examination (MMSE), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Stroop test, finger tapping and 14-meter walk test. After randomization, patients performed a game of dominoes and were tested before and after experiment being further categorized as control, winners or non-winners. Forty patients, 27 male (67.5%), aged 48 to 84 years (63.2 ± 8.5), Hoehn & Yahr I to III were included. Twenty-eight (70%) presented depressive symptoms (BDI > 10). Groups (Control N = 13; Winners = 14 and Non-winners = 13) were not different regarding age, disease duration, age at onset, BMI, MMSE scores, depressive symptoms, levodopa dose, and previous practice of games. Winners presented significantly better results on executive function (Stroop test, p = 0.002) and on motor activity (Finger tapping, p = 0.01). Non-winners showed a trend of better performance in the 14-meter-walk test. This study shows that the practice of a non-reward game acutely improved memory and motor skills in PD. Our results suggest a role for the reward system in the modulation of the dopaminergic function of the basal ganglia in these patients.

中文翻译：

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玩无奖励游戏对帕金森病运动能力和执行功能的影响。

本研究的目的是评估玩游戏对帕金森病 (PD) 执行功能和运动能力的急性影响。使用统一帕金森病评定量表 (UPDRS)、简易精神状态检查 (MMSE)、贝克抑郁量表 (BDI)、Stroop 测试、手指敲击和 14 米步行测试对连续的 PD 病例进行研究。随机化后，患者进行多米诺骨牌游戏，并在实验前后进行测试，进一步分为对照组、获胜者或非获胜者。40 名患者，27 名男性 (67.5%)，年龄 48 至 84 岁 (63.2 ± 8.5)，Hoehn & Yahr I 至 III。二十八名 (70%) 出现抑郁症状 (BDI > 10)。各组（对照组 N = 13；优胜者 = 14 和非优胜者 = 13）在年龄、疾病持续时间、发病年龄、BMI、MMSE 评分、抑郁症状、左旋多巴剂量和以前的游戏练习。优胜者在执行功能方面表现出明显更好的结果（Stroop 测试，p = 0.002）和运动活动（手指敲击，p = 0.01）。非获胜者在14米步行测试中表现出更好的表现。这项研究表明，非奖励游戏的实践可以极大地提高 PD 的记忆力和运动技能。我们的结果表明奖励系统在调节这些患者基底神经节的多巴胺能功能中的作用。