ABSTRACT Schematic knowledge about people helps us to understand their behaviour in novel situations. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and hippocampus play important, yet poorly understood, roles in schema-based processing. Here, we manipulated schematic knowledge by familiarizing participants over the course of a week to the two lead characters of one of two TV shows. Then during MRI scanning, they viewed pictures of all four characters and performed a recognition memory test afterwards. Memory was also tested for short videos. Schematic knowledge boosted performance on both memory tests. Whole-brain analyses revealed knowledge related activation increases in the vmPFC and retrosplenial cortex while a similar effect was identified in a hippocampal region-of-interest. Representational similarity analyses identified person-specific patterns of activity in the vmPFC but not hippocampus, but no effect of familiarization. Our findings suggest complementary roles for the vmPFC and hippocampus in processing schematic knowledge that was acquired in a naturalistic manner.

中文翻译：

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支持图式相关处理人们身份的大脑区域

摘要 关于人的图解知识帮助我们了解他们在新情况下的行为。腹内侧前额叶皮层 (vmPFC) 和海马体在基于模式的处理中发挥着重要但知之甚少的作用。在这里，我们通过在一周内让参与者熟悉两个电视节目之一的两个主角来操纵示意图知识。然后在 MRI 扫描期间，他们查看了所有四个字符的图片，然后进行了识别记忆测试。还测试了短视频的内存。原理图知识提高了两种内存测试的性能。全脑分析揭示了 vmPFC 和脾后皮层中知识相关的激活增加，而在海马感兴趣区域中发现了类似的效果。代表性相似性分析确定了 vmPFC 但不是海马体中特定于人的活动模式，但没有熟悉的影响。我们的研究结果表明 vmPFC 和海马在处理以自然方式获得的图解知识方面具有互补作用。