In Mexico, information of Salmonella enterica cases linked to food consumption is scarce. The objective of this article was to assess how S. enterica affect public health in Mexico. To conduct this study, data on the epidemiology of nontyphoidal S. enterica (NTS), Salmonella Typhi, and Salmonella Paratyphi A collected from 2000 to 2017 through the National Epidemiological Surveillance System of Mexico (Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Mexico [SINAVE]) were used. Geographical distribution, season, age groups, and gender were variables considered to analyze S. enterica incidence. An estimation of cases caused by S. enterica in Mexico was calculated while considering data underestimation and the proportion of foodborne diseases. Information of the prevalence of the pathogen in food and the antimicrobial resistance of isolates from food and human cases were obtained from published studies. Outbreaks of S. enterica derived from imported Mexican products in the Unites States are discussed. In 2017, the numbers of reported cases of NTS (92,013) were two and seven times higher than the reported cases of Salmonella Typhi (45,280) and Salmonella Paratyphi A (12, 458). The NTS incidence was higher in lower socioeconomic Mexican regions. The gaps in the surveillance system make it impossible to establish a reliable tendency among age groups, geographical distribution, and gender. In 2017, the estimated frequency of NTS foodborne cases was 49 times higher than that reported in SINAVE, whereas for Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A it was 23 times. Fresh meat showed the highest prevalence of S. enterica, and most of their isolates had multidrug resistance. Salmonella Typhimurium was the most common serotype isolated from human cases and food. Food safety agencies in Mexico need to prioritize efforts and resources to establish guidelines to ensure the absence of S. enterica in food.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥2000-2017年的肠沙门氏菌：流行病学，抗菌素耐药性和食品流行率。

在墨西哥，与食物消费有关的肠炎沙门氏菌病例的信息很少。本文的目的是评估肠炎链球菌如何影响墨西哥的公共卫生。为了进行这项研究，通过墨西哥国家流行病学监测系统（Sistema Nacional de VigilanciaEpidemiológicade Mexico [SINAVE]）从2000年至2017年收集了非伤寒性小肠结肠炎沙门氏菌（Sysent enteric enterica）（NTS），伤寒沙门氏菌和副伤寒沙门氏菌的流行病学数据被使用。地理分布，季节，年龄组和性别是分析肠炎链球菌发病率的变量。在考虑数据低估和食源性疾病的比例的同时，计算了墨西哥由肠球菌引起的病例的估计值。从已发表的研究中获得了食物中病原体的流行情况以及从食物和人身上分离出的分离物的抗药性的信息。讨论了在美国从墨西哥进口的墨西哥产品引起的肠炎链球菌的暴发。2017年，报告的NTS病例数（92,013）比伤寒沙门氏菌（45,280）和副伤寒沙门氏菌A（12，458）分别高出两倍和七倍。在社会经济较低的墨西哥地区，NTS发生率较高。监视系统中的空白使得无法在年龄组，地理分布和性别之间建立可靠的趋势。2017年，NTS食源性病例的估计发病率比SINAVE报告的发病率高49倍，而伤寒沙门氏菌和副伤寒沙门氏菌A的估计发病率是23倍。新鲜肉类表现出最高的肠炎链球菌（S. enterica），并且它们的大多数分离株具有多药耐药性。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌是从人类病例和食物中分离出的最常见的血清型。墨西哥的食品安全机构需要将工作重点和资源放在优先位置，以建立指导方针，以确保食品中没有肠炎链球菌。