Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation, which contributes to the development of the metabolic syndrome and its associated complications, such as insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. Limited data from animal and human studies support local generation of pro-inflammatory prostanoid lipid mediators in white adipose tissue. However, the link between systemic prostanoid levels and parameters characterizing the metabolic syndrome is missing in human obesity. Therefore, we performed a targeted lipidomic analysis using urine samples from obese human subjects (n = 45) and show for the first time in humans that urinary prostanoid levels correlate with metabolic parameters that indicate a dysregulated glucose and triglyceride metabolism. We identified tetranor-PGDM and tetranor-PGEM as the two major urinary prostanoid metabolites in obese subjects with levels of 247 ± 31 and 23.3 ± 4.0 pmol/mg creatinine, respectively. Tetranor-PGDM was significantly associated with serum triglycerides, while tetranor-PGEM was associated with abdominal obesity as defined by an increased waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and with impaired oral glucose tolerance. These results confirm the previously established notion of low-grade chronic inflammation in obesity and further identify an association of the prostanoid pathway with obesity-associated dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and insulin resistance.

中文翻译：

---

尿中前列腺素D2和E2代谢产物与肥胖者的腹部肥胖，葡萄糖代谢和甘油三酸酯有关。

肥胖与低度的慢性炎症有关，其导致代谢综合征及其相关并发症（如胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病）的发展。来自动物和人体研究的有限数据支持在白色脂肪组织中局部生成促炎性类前列腺素脂质介体。但是，人类肥胖症患者缺乏全身性前列腺素水平与表征代谢综合征的参数之间的联系。因此，我们使用来自肥胖人类受试者（n = 45）的尿液样本进行了靶向脂质组学分析，并首次在人类中显示出尿中前列腺素水平与表明葡萄糖和甘油三酸酯代谢失调的代谢参数相关。我们将tetranor-PGDM和tetranor-PGEM确定为肥胖受试者中两种主要的尿前列腺素代谢产物，其水平分别为247±31和23.3±4.0 pmol / mg肌酐。Tetranor-PGDM与血清甘油三酸酯显着相关，而tetranor-PGEM与腹部肥胖相关，其定义为腰臀比（WHR）增加，糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和口服葡萄糖耐量降低。这些结果证实了先前建立的肥胖症的低度慢性炎症的观念，并进一步确定了前列腺素途径与肥胖症相关的血脂异常，腹部肥胖症和胰岛素抵抗的关联。而tetranor-PGEM与腹部肥胖相关，腹部肥胖由增加的腰臀比（WHR），糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和口服葡萄糖耐量降低定义。这些结果证实了肥胖中先前建立的低度慢性炎症的观念，并进一步确定了前列腺素途径与肥胖相关的血脂异常，腹部肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的相关性。而trinor-PGEM与腹部肥胖相关，后者由增加的腰臀比（WHR），糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和口服葡萄糖耐量降低定义。这些结果证实了肥胖中先前建立的低度慢性炎症的观念，并进一步确定了前列腺素途径与肥胖相关的血脂异常，腹部肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的相关性。