This paper explores the role of medicine in the regulation of legal gender recognition for trans and gender diverse people in France and Italy. I focus on the processes that led the two countries to establish for the first time a procedure for legal gender change in the 1980s/1990s. Despite the differences, both in France and in Italy medical knowledge and technologies were embedded in the procedures for legal gender change and health professionals took a role as gatekeepers to gender recognition. The medicalization of legal gender recognition, I argue, was part of the deploying of a bio-political apparatus that aimed at regulating and controlling "gender transitions" through regulation and normalization rather then through repression.

中文翻译：

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监管社会机构：法国和意大利的医学与合法性别认同管理，具有历史意义。

本文探讨了医学在法国和意大利针对跨性别者和性别多样化者的合法性别认同的监管中的作用。我关注的是促使两国在1980年代/ 1990年代首次建立合法的性别变化程序的过程。尽管存在差异，但在法国和意大利，医学知识和技术都被嵌入了合法的性别变化程序中，而卫生专业人员则充当了性别认同的守门人。我认为，合法性别识别的医学化是部署生物政治设备的一部分，该设备旨在通过监管和规范化而非压制来调控“性别转变”。