Regression analysis was used to estimate and test for relationships between blood lead, serum folate, red blood cell folate, serum vitamin B12, serum homocysteine, and neurobehavioral test performance in adults, 20-59 years old, participating in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The three neurobehavioral tests included in the survey were simple reaction time, symbol-digit substitution, and serial digit learning. Serum folate, red blood cell folate, and serum vitamin B12 decreased as the blood lead concentration increased. Serum homocysteine increased as the blood lead concentration increased. Serum homocysteine decreased as the serum folate and serum vitamin B12 concentrations increased. Neurobehavioral test performance was not related to the blood lead, serum folate, or serum vitamin B12 concentrations. In adults 20-39 years old, performance on the serial digit learning test improved as the serum homocysteine concentration increased. In adults 40-59 years old, neurobehavioral test performance was not related to the serum homocysteine concentration. Homocysteine may impair cognitive function by acting at N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, and improve cognitive function by acting at N-methyl-D-aspartate or gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors.

中文翻译：

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在第三次全国健康与营养调查中的血铅，血清高半胱氨酸和神经行为测试表现。

使用回归分析来评估和测试20-59岁成人（参加第三次国家健康与营养）的血铅，血清叶酸，红细胞叶酸，血清维生素B12，血清同型半胱氨酸和神经行为测试表现之间的关系考试调查。调查中包括的三种神经行为测试是简单的反应时间，符号-数字替换和连续数字学习。随着血铅浓度的升高，血清叶酸，红细胞叶酸和血清维生素B12降低。血清同型半胱氨酸随血铅浓度增加而增加。血清高半胱氨酸随着血清叶酸和血清维生素B12浓度的增加而降低。神经行为测试的表现与血铅，血清叶酸或血清维生素B12的浓度无关。在20-39岁的成年人中，随着血清高半胱氨酸浓度的增加，连续数字学习测试的性能也得到改善。在40-59岁的成年人中，神经行为测试的表现与血清高半胱氨酸浓度无关。同型半胱氨酸可能通过作用于N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体而损害认知功能，并可能通过作用于N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸或γ-氨基丁酸受体而改善认知功能。