Microwave energy is an alternative energy source that is receiving a considerable amount of attention from researchers for a wide spectrum of applications. The fundamentally different method of transferring energy from the source to the sample is the main benefit of utilizing microwave energy; by directly delivering energy to microwave-absorbing materials, conventional issues such as long heating periods, thermal gradients, and energy lost to the system environment can be minimized or avoided. Furthermore, the penetrating capacity of microwave allows volumetric heating of samples. These attributes of microwave energy make utilizing it very attractive for industrial applications as an alternative to conventional processing methods. The reality is otherwise however, and limited literature is found in any given area of work. Despite the lack of focus, in most published cases, the utilization of microwave energy has produced improved results compared to conventional methods with reduced heating times or reaction temperatures. This review provides a general overview of reported applications of microwave energy in the open literature. It also attempts to summarize the results obtained for various common uses and highlights some applications that have not gathered as much attention as anticipated.

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关于微波能的各种应用的说明

微波能是一种替代能源，在广泛的应用中受到研究人员的广泛关注。将能量从源转移到样品的根本不同的方法是利用微波能量的主要好处；通过直接向微波吸收材料输送能量，可以最大限度地减少或避免传统问题，例如加热时间长、热梯度和系统环境中的能量损失。此外，微波的穿透能力允许对样品进行体积加热。微波能量的这些属性使得利用它作为传统加工方法的替代品在工业应用中非常有吸引力。然而，现实并非如此，在任何给定的工作领域都能找到有限的文献。尽管注意力不集中，在大多数已发表的案例中，与传统方法相比，微波能量的利用产生了更好的结果，减少了加热时间或反应温度。本综述对公开文献中报告的微波能量应用进行了总体概述。它还尝试总结针对各种常见用途获得的结果，并重点介绍一些没有像预期的那样受到足够关注的应用程序。