Botryosphaeria is a species-rich genus with a cosmopolitan distribution, commonly associated with dieback and cankers of woody plants. As many as 18 anamorph genera have been associated with Botryosphaeria, most of which have been reduced to synonymy under Diplodia (conidia mostly ovoid, pigmented, thick-walled), or Fusicoccum (conidia mostly fusoid, hyaline, thin-walled). However, there are numerous conidial anamorphs having morphological characteristics intermediate between Diplodia and Fusicoccum, and there are several records of species outside the Botryosphaeriaceae that have anamorphs apparently typical of Botryosphaeria s.str. Recent studies have also linked Botryosphaeria to species with pigmented, septate ascospores, and Dothiorella anamorphs, or Fusicoccum anamorphs with Dichomera synanamorphs. The aim of this study was to employ DNA sequence data of the 28S rDNA to resolve apparent lineages within the Botryosphaeriaceae. From these data, 12 clades are recognised. Two of these lineages clustered outside the Botryosphaeriaceae, namely Diplodia-like anamorphs occurring on maize, which are best accommodated in Stenocarpella (Diaporthales), as well as an unresolved clade including species of Camarosporium/Microdiplodia. We recognise 10 lineages within the Botryosphaeriaceae, including an unresolved clade (Diplodia/Lasiodiplodia/Tiarosporella), Botryosphaeria s.str. (Fusicoccum anamorphs), Macrophomina, Neoscytalidium gen. nov., Dothidotthia (Dothiorella anamorphs), Neofusicoccum gen. nov. (Botryosphaeria-like teleomorphs, Dichomera-like synanamorphs), Pseudofusicoccum gen. nov., Saccharata (Fusicoccum- and Diplodia-like synanamorphs), "Botryosphaeria" quercuum (Diplodia-like anamorph), and Guignardia (Phyllosticta anamorphs). Separate teleomorph and anamorph names are not provided for newly introduced genera, even where both morphs are known. The taxonomy of some clades and isolates (e.g. B. mamane) remains unresolved due to the absence of ex-type cultures.

中文翻译：

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Botryosphaeriaceae 的系统发育谱系。

Botryosphaeria 是一个物种丰富的属，具有世界性分布，通常与木本植物的枯死和溃疡病有关。多达 18 个无定形属与葡萄球菌有关，其中大部分已被简化为 Diplodia（分生孢子主要为卵形、有色、厚壁）或 Fusicoccum（分生孢子主要为梭形、透明、薄壁）下的同义词。然而，有许多分生孢子无定形具有介于双倍体和镰孢之间的形态特征，并且有几个葡萄球菌科以外的物种的记录，它们具有明显典型的葡萄球菌属的无定形。最近的研究也将葡萄球菌与具有色素、有隔子的子囊孢子和无形多硫球藻或具有双色球虫的无形镰孢菌联系起来。本研究的目的是利用 28S rDNA 的 DNA 序列数据来解析 Botryosphaeriaceae 内的明显谱系。从这些数据中，识别出 12 个进化枝。其中两个谱系聚集在 Botryosphaeriaceae 之外，即出现在玉米上的 Diplodia-like anamorphs，最适合在 Stenocarpella (Diaporthales) 中，以及一个未解决的进化枝，包括 Camarosporium/Microdiplodia 物种。我们在 Botryosphaeriaceae 中识别出 10 个谱系，包括一个未解决的进化枝（Diplodia/Lasiodiplodia/Tiarosporella），Botryosphaeria s.str。(Fusicoccum anamorphs)，Macrophomina，Neoscytalidium gen。十一月，Dothidotthia（Dothiorella anamorphs），Neofusicoccum gen。十一月 （Botryosphaeria 样的有形体，Dichomera 样的同形体），Pseudofusicoccum gen。nov., Saccharata (Fusicoccum- and Diplodia-like synanamorphs), "