Ophiostoma species have diverse morphological features and are found in a large variety of ecological niches. Many different classification schemes have been applied to these fungi in the past based on teleomorph and anamorph features. More recently, studies based on DNA sequence comparisions have shown that Ophiostoma consists of different phylogenetic groups, but the data have not been sufficient to define clear monophyletic lineages represented by practical taxonomic units. We used DNA sequence data from combined partial nuclear LSU and beta-tubulin genes to consider the phylogenetic relationships of 50 Ophiostoma species, representing all the major morphological groups in the genus. Our data showed three well-supported, monophyletic lineages in Ophiostoma. Species with Leptographium anamorphs grouped together and to accommodate these species the teleomorph-genus Grosmannia (type species G. penicillata), including 27 species and 24 new combinations, is re-instated. Another well-defined lineage includes species that are cycloheximide-sensitive with short perithecial necks, falcate ascospores and Hyalorhinocladiella anamorphs. For these species, the teleomorph-genus Ceratocystiopsis (type species O. minuta), including 11 species and three new combinations, is re-instated. A third group of species with either Sporothrix or Pesotum anamorphs includes species from various ecological niches such as Protea infructescences in South Africa. This group also includes O. piliferum, the type species of Ophiostoma, and these species are retained in that genus. Ophiostoma is redefined to reflect the changes resulting from new combinations in Grosmannia and Ceratocystiopsis. Our data have revealed additional lineages in Ophiostoma linked to morphological characters. However, these species are retained in Ophiostoma until further data for a larger number of species can be obtained to confirm monophyly of the apparent lineages.

中文翻译：

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多基因系统发育定义了不同于 Ophiostoma 的 Ceratocystiopsis 和 Grosmannia。

Ophiostoma 物种具有不同的形态特征，并且存在于各种各样的生态位中。过去，许多不同的分类方案已基于有形和无形特征应用于这些真菌。最近，基于 DNA 序列比较的研究表明 Ophiostoma 由不同的系统发育组组成，但数据不足以定义由实际分类单位代表的明确单系谱系。我们使用来自组合部分核 LSU 和 β-微管蛋白基因的 DNA 序列数据来考虑 50 种 Ophiostoma 物种的系统发育关系，代表该属中的所有主要形态组。我们的数据显示了 Ophiostoma 中三个得到充分支持的单系谱系。Leptographium anamorphs 的物种归为一组，为了容纳这些物种，重新安置了包括 27 个物种和 24 个新组合的有形类格罗曼尼亚属（G. penicillata 模式种）。另一个明确定义的谱系包括对放线菌酮敏感的物种，它们具有短的鞘膜颈、镰刀状子囊孢子和无形透明菌。对于这些物种，恢复了有形形态的 Ceratocystiopsis（类型物种 O. minuta），包括 11 个物种和三个新组合。第三组具有孢子丝菌或 Pesotum 无型态的物种包括来自各种生态位的物种，例如南非的 Protea 果序。该组还包括 O. piliferum，Ophiostoma 的模式种，这些种保留在该属中。Ophiostoma 被重新定义，以反映 Grosmannia 和 Ceratocystiopsis 新组合产生的变化。我们的数据揭示了与形态特征相关的 Ophiostoma 中的其他谱系。然而，这些物种保留在 Ophiostoma 中，直到可以获得更多物种的进一步数据以确认表观谱系的单一性。