Mutation is the driving force behind many processes linked to human disease, including cancer, aging, and the evolution of drug resistance. Mutations have traditionally been considered the inevitable consequence of replicating large genomes with polymerases of finite fidelity. Observations over the past several decades, however, have led to a new perspective on the process of mutagenesis. It has become clear that, under some circumstances, mutagenesis is a regulated process that requires the induction of pro-mutagenic enzymes and that, at least in bacteria, this induction may facilitate evolution. Herein, we review what is known about induced mutagenesis in bacteria as well as evidence that it contributes to the evolution of antibiotic resistance. Finally, we discuss the possibility that components of induced mutation pathways might be targeted for inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent the evolution of antibiotic resistance.

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控制突变：作为治疗策略介入进化。

突变是许多与人类疾病相关的过程的驱动力，包括癌症，衰老和耐药性的演变。传统上，突变被认为是用有限保真度的聚合酶复制大基因组的必然结果。但是，在过去的几十年中，观察结果为诱变的过程带来了新的视角。已经清楚的是，在某些情况下，诱变是受调节的过程，需要诱导促突变酶，并且至少在细菌中，这种诱导可能促进进化。本文中，我们回顾了有关细菌中诱变的已知知识，以及它有助于抗生素耐药性演变的证据。最后，