The advances obtained through the genetic tools available in yeast for studying the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) biogenesis and in particular the role of the mtDNA encoded genes, strongly contrast with the very limited benefits that similar approaches have generated for the study of mammalian mtDNA. Here we review the use of the genetic manipulation in mammalian mtDNA, its difficulty and the main types of mutants accumulated in the past 30 years and the information derived from them. We also point out the need for a substantial improvement in this field in order to obtain new tools for functional genetic studies and for the generation of animal models of mtDNA-linked diseases.

中文翻译：

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用哺乳动物线粒体 DNA 玩遗传学的吃力不讨好的任务：30 年回顾

通过酵母中可用的遗传工具研究氧化磷酸化 (OXPHOS) 生物发生，特别是 mtDNA 编码基因的作用所获得的进展，与类似方法为研究哺乳动物 mtDNA 产生的非常有限的好处形成鲜明对比。在这里，我们回顾了遗传操作在哺乳动物 mtDNA 中的应用、其难度和过去 30 年来积累的主要突变体类型以及从中获得的信息。我们还指出需要在该领域进行实质性改进，以获得用于功能遗传研究和生成 mtDNA 相关疾病动物模型的新工具。