During the last few years, the number of cases of Trichophyton verrucosum isolation from humans suffering from mycoses has been constantly increasing, which is correlated with the presence of an increasing number of outdoor breeding farms. Farmers and their families as well as veterinarians and technicians involved in handling the animals are at a higher risk of infection. One of the most important aims of mycological diagnostics is epidemiological analysis. Typically, the history of the disease is not sufficient to indicate reliably and eliminate the outbreak of infection. PCR fingerprinting methods are a useful tool in this type of analysis, which is presented in this study. The main aim is to present diagnostic and epidemiological analyses of dermatophyte isolates from llamas and their breeder. In two llamas, round alopecia sites or ca. 2‐cm excoriations covered with thickened scaling epidermis were noticed at the border of the head and neck with a distinct tendency towards hair loss. Tinea unguium was noticed in a nail of the breeder's right hand. Direct analysis of the material from the clinical lesions revealed the presence of arthrospores. The macro‐ and micromorphology of the isolates were homogeneous and characteristic for T. verrucosum. The identification analysis based on the ITS sequences confirmed the previous morphological diagnostic examination. The MP‐PCR and MSP‐PCR analysis indicated high invariability of the genomes of the strains isolated from the human and animals. The epidemiological research has indicated an identical source of dermatophyte infection in the breeder and the lamas. To sum up, the number of pets and farm animals is increasing and dermatologists should always be informed about possible dermatophyte transmission sources. The possibility of transmission of zoophilic dermatophytes from humans to animals is a suggestion for further analysis; therefore, this type of transmission should be considered in dermatological studies.

中文翻译：

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寻找皮肤癣菌的来源：美洲驼和繁殖者中疣状癣菌感染的流行病学分析（病例报告）。

在最近几年中，疣状毛癣菌的病例数与患有霉菌病的人类之间的隔离一直在不断增加，这与越来越多的室外繁殖场有关。涉及处理这些动物的农民及其家人以及兽医和技术人员的感染风险较高。真菌学诊断的最重要目标之一是流行病学分析。通常，该疾病的病史不足以可靠地指示并消除感染的爆发。PCR指纹图谱方法是此类分析中的有用工具，本研究对此进行了介绍。主要目的是提供骆驼及其繁殖者分离的皮肤真菌的诊断和流行病学分析。在两个美洲驼中，圆形的脱发部位或约。在饲养员右手的指甲上发现了白粉病。对临床病变中物质的直接分析表明存在节孢子。分离物的宏观和微观形态是均一的，并具有疣状锥虫的特征。。基于ITS序列的鉴定分析证实了先前的形态学诊断检查。MP‐PCR和MSP‐PCR分析表明，从人和动物分离出的菌株的基因组具有高度不变性。流行病学研究表明，育种者和喇嘛中皮肤癣菌感染的来源相同。综上所述，宠物和农场动物的数量正在增加，应始终向皮肤科医生告知可能的皮肤植物传播途径。人畜共患皮肤癣菌可能从人传播给动物，这是进一步分析的建议。因此，皮肤病学研究应考虑这种类型的传播。