Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality and is usually discovered at an advanced stage, when treatment is generally not effective. Many researchers have investigated the value of screening for lung cancer, which would theoretically allow earlier detection and more effective treatment. Unfortunately, no trials of screening strategies for lung cancer have shown a mortality benefit, and as a result, no major medical organization currently recommends screening. Research continues to seek proof of the benefit of screening as new techniques are developed, including low-dose spiral computed tomography (CT), autofluorescence bronchoscopy, and advanced techniques of sputum analysis. Although there are promising data on the sensitivity of these newer screening methods, especially low-dose CT, for detecting early lung cancer, none of the published trials are controlled, and they have not yet proven a decrease in mortality. There are ongoing randomized, controlled trials aiming to demonstrate a mortality benefit. Patients who are interested in being screened for lung cancer should be encouraged to participate in well-designed clinical trials whenever possible.

中文翻译：

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筛查非小细胞肺癌。

肺癌是癌症死亡的主要原因，通常在晚期阶段发现，通常治疗无效。许多研究人员调查了筛查肺癌的价值，从理论上讲，这将使早期发现和更有效的治疗成为可能。不幸的是，没有一项针对肺癌筛查策略的试验显示出死亡率优势，因此，目前尚无大型医疗机构建议进行筛查。随着新技术的开发，包括低剂量螺旋计算机断层扫描（CT），自发荧光支气管镜检查和先进的痰液分析技术，研究继续寻求筛查益处的证据。尽管有关于这些新型筛查方法（尤其是低剂量CT）对检测早期肺癌的敏感性的有希望的数据，没有公开的试验受到控制，并且尚未证明死亡率降低。正在进行正在进行的随机，对照试验，旨在证明死亡率的提高。应当鼓励有兴趣接受肺癌筛查的患者参加设计良好的临床试验。