Eating disorders (ED), including anorexia and bulimia nervosa, are chronic illnesses with periods of symptom exacerbation and remission. Because symptoms are usually present from 6 to 24 months before a diagnosis is made, aetiological agents are believed to be active well before symptoms appear. It is proposed that neuropsychological deficits in various cognitive domains preexist and underlie the aetiology of ED. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature relevant to neuropsychological deficits in ED patients and explores the relationship between cognitive deficits, psychosocial development, and the development of ED. Although the role of neuropsychological deficits in the evolution of ED requires further research, the proposed association has significant implications for clinical practice.

中文翻译：

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认知缺陷在饮食失调发展中的作用。

饮食失调（ED），包括厌食症和神经性贪食症，是症状加重和缓解期的慢性疾病。由于症状通常在做出诊断之前的6到24个月内出现，因此病因被认为在症状出现之前就很活跃。有人提出，各种认知领域的神经心理学缺陷已经存在，并且是ED病因的基础。本文对与ED患者神经心理缺陷有关的文献进行了全面综述，并探讨了认知缺陷，社会心理发展和ED发展之间的关系。尽管神经心理学缺陷在ED进化中的作用需要进一步研究，但所提出的关联对临床实践具有重要意义。