In this review, the applications of graphene and its derivatives in the chemical analysis have been described. The properties of graphene materials which are essential for their use in chemical and biochemical analysis are characterized. The materials are used in sensors and biosensors, in electrochemistry, in chromatography and in the sample preparation techniques. Chemical and electrochemical sensors containing graphene materials are useful devices for detecting some chemical and biochemical compounds. Chromatographic columns for HPLC with graphene containing stationary phases may be used for separation of polar and nonpolar components of some specific mixtures. Graphene materials could be successfully employed during sample preparation for analysis with SPE, magnetic SPE, and SPME techniques.

1. Highlights

2. The review of the applications of graphene (G) and its derivatives, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), in chemical and biochemical analysis is proposed.

3. The electron donor-acceptor and proton donor-acceptor interactions for the graphene based materials – analytes systems and their impact on the analysis results are discussed, particularly:

   • i) in electrochemistry,

   • ii) in chromatography,

   • iii) in modern sample preparation techniques

   • iv) in sensors of different types.

4. The essence of the thermal stability and the nomenclature of the graphene based materials in their different applications in chemical systems of different classes was discussed (and suggested).

5. The benefits of using SPME fibers with immobilized graphene materials have been presented in detail.

在这篇综述中，已经描述了石墨烯及其衍生物在化学分析中的应用。表征了石墨烯材料在化学和生化分析中必不可少的特性。该材料用于传感器和生物传感器，电化学，色谱法和样品制备技术中。包含石墨烯材料的化学和电化学传感器是用于检测某些化学和生化化合物的有用设备。具有包含固定相的石墨烯的HPLC色谱柱可用于分离某些特定混合物的极性和非极性组分。石墨烯材料可以在样品制备过程中成功用于SPE，磁性SPE和SPME技术进行分析。

1. 强调

2. 提出了石墨烯（G）及其衍生物，氧化石墨烯（GO）和还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）在化学和生化分析中的应用综述。

3. 讨论了石墨烯基材料-分析物系统的电子给体-受体和质子给体-受体之间的相互作用及其对分析结果的影响，特别是：

   • i）在电化学中，

   • ii）在色谱法中，

   • iii）现代样品制备技术

   • iv）在不同类型的传感器中。

4. 讨论（并建议）石墨烯基材料在不同类别的化学系统中的不同应用的热稳定性和命名法。

5. 已经详细介绍了将SPME纤维与固定化石墨烯材料一起使用的好处。