Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States. Sex differences, including smaller infarcts in females and greater involvement of immune-mediated inflammation in males may affect the efficacy of immune-modulating interventions. To address these differences, we sought to identify distinct stroke-modifying mechanisms in female vs. male mice. The current study demonstrated smaller infarcts and increased levels of regulatory CD19+CD5+CD1dhi B10 cells as well as anti-inflammatory CD11b+CD206+ microglia/macrophages in the ipsilateral vs. contralateral hemisphere of female but not male mice undergoing 60min middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 96h of reperfusion. Moreover, female mice with MCAO had increased total spleen cell numbers but lower B10 levels in spleens. These results elucidate differing sex-dependent regulatory mechanisms that account for diminished stroke severity in females and underscore the need to test immune-modulating therapies for stroke in both males and females.

中文翻译：

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实验性卒中调节细胞的性别差异。

在美国，中风是导致残疾的主要原因。性别差异，包括女性梗死面积较小和男性更多地参与免疫介导的炎症，可能会影响免疫调节干预的效果。为了解决这些差异，我们试图确定雌性和雄性小鼠不同的中风修饰机制。目前的研究表明，经过 60 分钟大脑中动脉闭塞的雌性而非雄性小鼠的同侧与对侧半球，梗死面积较小，调节性 CD19+CD5+CD1dhi B10 细胞以及抗炎 CD11b+CD206+ 小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞水平升高。通过再灌注 96 小时。此外，患有 MCAO 的雌性小鼠脾脏细胞总数增加，但脾脏中的 B10 水平降低。