Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which are synthesized from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases, function primarily as autocrine and paracrine effectors in the cardiovascular system and kidney. They modulate ion transport and gene expression, producing vasorelaxation as well as anti-inflammatory and pro-fibrinolytic effects. EETs are incorporated into the sn-2 position of phospholipids and are rapidly mobilized when a cell is treated with a Ca(2+) ionophore, suggesting that they may play a role in phospholipid-mediated signal transduction processes. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) converts EETs to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), and inhibition of sEH is a potential approach for enhancing the biological activity of EETs. EETs also undergo chain-elongation and beta-oxidation, and the accumulation of partial beta-oxidation products increases when sEH is inhibited. Some functional effects of EETs occur through activation of either the guanine nucleotide binding protein Galphas or the Src signal transduction pathways, suggesting that EETs act by binding to membrane receptors. However, other evidence indicates that the modulation of gene expression occurs through an intracellular action of EETs. Because of the diversity of biochemical and functional responses produced by EETs, it is doubtful that a single mechanism or signal transduction pathway can account for all of their actions.

中文翻译：

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环氧二十碳三烯酸（EET）：新陈代谢和生化功能。

环氧二十碳三烯酸（EET）是由花生四烯酸通过细胞色素P450环氧合酶合成的，主要在心血管系统和肾脏中起自分泌和旁分泌的作用。它们调节离子转运和基因表达，产生血管舒张作用以及抗炎和促纤溶作用。EETs纳入磷脂的sn-2位置，并在用Ca（2+）离子载体处理细胞时迅速动员，表明它们可能在磷脂介导的信号转导过程中发挥作用。可溶性环氧化物水解酶（sEH）将EET转化为二羟基二十碳三烯酸（DHET），抑制sEH是增强EET生物学活性的潜在方法。EET也会经历链伸长和β-氧化，当抑制sEH时，部分β-氧化产物的积累会增加。EET的某些功能作用是通过鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合蛋白Galphas或Src信号转导途径的激活而发生的，这表明EET通过与膜受体结合而起作用。但是，其他证据表明，基因表达的调节是通过EET的细胞内作用而发生的。由于EET产生的生化和功能反应的多样性，因此怀疑单个机制或信号转导途径能否解释其所有作用是令人怀疑的。提示EET通过与膜受体结合而起作用。但是，其他证据表明，基因表达的调节是通过EET的细胞内作用而发生的。由于EET产生的生化和功能反应的多样性，因此怀疑单个机制或信号转导途径能否解释其所有作用是令人怀疑的。提示EET通过与膜受体结合而起作用。但是，其他证据表明，基因表达的调节是通过EET的细胞内作用而发生的。由于EET产生的生化和功能反应的多样性，因此怀疑单个机制或信号转导途径能否解释其所有作用是令人怀疑的。