The GnRH receptor influences gene expression in the gonadotrope through activating signaling cascades that modulate transcription factor expression and activity. A longstanding question in neuroendocrinology is how instructions received at the membrane in the form of the pattern of receptor stimulation are processed into specific biosynthetic changes at each gonadotropin promoter. Signal transduction from the membrane to preformed transcription factors relies on recognition of altered conformations. Signal transduction through the layers of the gene network also requires the biosynthesis of new transcription factors. The signal processing of this system depends on its molecular connectivity map and its feedback and feed-forward loops. Review of signal transduction, gene control, and genomic studies provide evidence of key loops that cross between cellular and nuclear compartments. Genomic studies suggest that the signal transduction and gene network form a continuum. We propose that information transfer in the gonadotrope depends on robust signaling modules that serve to integrate events at different time scales across cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments.

中文翻译：

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GnRH 受体刺激信号网络的结构：来自基因组学的见解

GnRH 受体通过激活调节转录因子表达和活性的信号级联反应影响促性腺激素中的基因表达。神经内分泌学中一个长期存在的问题是如何将膜上以受体刺激模式接收的指令处理成每个促性腺激素启动子的特定生物合成变化。从膜到预先形成的转录因子的信号转导依赖于对改变构象的识别。通过基因网络层的信号转导也需要新转录因子的生物合成。该系统的信号处理取决于其分子连接图及其反馈和前馈回路。回顾信号转导、基因控制、和基因组研究提供了跨越细胞和核隔室的关键环的证据。基因组研究表明信号转导和基因网络形成一个连续体。我们建议促性腺激素中的信息传递取决于强大的信号模块，这些模块用于整合跨细胞质和核隔室的不同时间尺度的事件。