We present findings based on a study of Y-chromosome diallelic and microsatellite variation in 181 Icelanders, 233 Scandinavians, and 283 Gaels from Ireland and Scotland. All but one of the Icelandic Y chromosomes belong to haplogroup 1 (41.4%), haplogroup 2 (34.2%), or haplogroup 3 (23.8%). We present phylogenetic networks of Icelandic Y-chromosome variation, using haplotypes constructed from seven diallelic markers and eight microsatellite markers, and we propose two new clades. We also report, for the first time, the phylogenetic context of the microsatellite marker DYS385 in Europe. A comparison of haplotypes based on six diallelic loci and five microsatellite loci indicates that some Icelandic haplogroup-1 chromosomes are likely to have a Gaelic origin, whereas for most Icelandic haplogroup-2 and -3 chromosomes, a Scandinavian origin is probable. The data suggest that 20%-25% of Icelandic founding males had Gaelic ancestry, with the remainder having Norse ancestry. The closer relationship with the Scandinavian Y-chromosome pool is supported by the results of analyses of genetic distances and lineage sharing. These findings contrast with results based on mtDNA data, which indicate closer matrilineal links with populations of the British Isles. This supports the model, put forward by some historians, that the majority of females in the Icelandic founding population had Gaelic ancestry, whereas the majority of males had Scandinavian ancestry.

中文翻译：

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估计冰岛男性移民中的斯堪的纳维亚和盖尔血统。

我们基于对181个冰岛人，233个斯堪的纳维亚人和283个来自爱尔兰和苏格兰的盖尔族人的Y染色体透析和微卫星变异的研究，提出了发现。除一条冰岛Y染色体外，所有其他染色体均属于单倍群1（41.4％），单倍群2（34.2％）或单倍群3（23.8％）。我们介绍了冰岛Y染色体变异的系统发育网络，使用由七个拨号标记和八个微卫星标记构建的单倍型，并提出了两个新进化枝。我们还首次报告了欧洲微卫星标记DYS385的系统发育背景。根据六个拨号基因座和五个微卫星基因座进行的单倍型比较表明，某些冰岛的haplogroup-1染色体很可能是盖尔语起源的，而对于大多数冰岛的haplogroup-2和-3染色体，斯堪的纳维亚血统是可能的。数据表明，冰岛开国男性中有20％-25％具有盖尔血统，其余的具有北欧血统。遗传距离和谱系共享的分析结果支持了与斯堪的纳维亚Y染色体库的更紧密关系。这些发现与基于mtDNA数据的结果形成了鲜明对比，后者表明与母岛人口的母系联系更加紧密。这支持了一些历史学家提出的模型，即冰岛建国人口中的大多数女性具有盖尔血统，而大多数男性具有斯堪的纳维亚血统。遗传距离和谱系共享的分析结果支持了与斯堪的纳维亚Y染色体库的更紧密关系。这些发现与基于mtDNA数据的结果形成了鲜明对比，后者表明与母岛人口的母系联系更加紧密。这支持了一些历史学家提出的模型，即冰岛建国人口中的大多数女性具有盖尔血统，而大多数男性具有斯堪的纳维亚血统。遗传距离和谱系共享的分析结果支持了与斯堪的纳维亚Y染色体库的更紧密关系。这些发现与基于mtDNA数据的结果形成了鲜明对比，后者表明与母岛人口的母系联系更加紧密。这支持了一些历史学家提出的模型，即冰岛建国人口中的大多数女性具有盖尔血统，而大多数男性具有斯堪的纳维亚血统。