During meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae four daughter cells, called spores, are generated within the boundaries of the mother cell. This cell differentiation process requires de novo synthesis of prospore membranes (PSMs), which are the precursors of the spore plasma membranes. Assembly of these membranes is initiated at the spindle pole bodies (SPBs) during meiosis II. At this stage of the cell cycle, 4 SPBs are present. Two different meiosis-specific structures are known to be required for PSM formation. At the SPBs, specialized attachments, called the meiotic plaques, provide the required functionality necessary for the recruitment and assembly of the membranes. During subsequent membrane elongation, a second structure becomes important. This proteinaceous assembly forms a coat, called the leading edge protein coat (LEP coat), which covers the boundaries of the membranes. Assembly of the coat occurs at sites next to the SPBs, whereas its disassembly is concomitant to the closure of the membranes. This mini review discusses our current understanding of how the meiotic plaque and the LEP coat might function during biogenesis of the prospore membrane.

中文翻译：

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孢子膜形成：发芽酵母如何在减数分裂中形成。

在酿酒酵母的减数分裂过程中，在母细胞的边界内产生了四个称为孢子的子细胞。这种细胞分化过程需要从头合成孢子质膜（PSM），这是孢子质膜的前体。在减数分裂II期间，这些膜的组装在纺锤极体（SPB）处开始。在细胞周期的这一阶段，存在4个SPB。已知需要两种不同的减数分裂特异性结构来形成PSM。在SPB处，称为减数分裂斑的专门附件提供了募集和组装膜所需的功能。在随后的膜伸长期间，第二结构变得重要。这种蛋白质组装形成一层被称为前缘蛋白质涂层（LEP涂层）的涂层，它覆盖了膜的边界。涂层的组装发生在邻近SPB的位置，而其拆卸则伴随着膜的封闭。这篇简短的综述讨论了我们目前对减数分裂斑块和LEP外套如何在生孢子膜的生物发生过程中起作用的理解。