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4-hydroxynonenal from pathology to physiology.
Molecular Aspects of Medicine ( IF 8.7 ) Pub Date : 2003-08-02 , DOI: 10.1016/s0098-2997(03)00021-9
Mario Umberto Dianzani 1
Affiliation  

4-hydroxynonenal is a major product of lipid peroxidation. It was firstly studied under the point of view of its toxicity, as it is an easily diffusable substance, thought to be able to explain the "far damages" seen in conditions of increased lipid peroxidation. Really, when used at concentration from 10 microM to 1 mM, usually referred to as high concentrations, the aldehyde is able to produce strong inhibitions of several enzymatic activities. When used, however, at concentration of 1 microM or lower, it displays a lot of activities regarding especially cell multiplication and differentiation. As the concentrations indicated above are usually found in normal tissues, these effects may be considered as physiological. As a low level of lipid peroxidation exists in normal tissues, the aldehyde displays signalling activities in normal cells. Among them, it is to consider the stimulation of neutrophil chemotaxis, the strong activation of plasmamembrane adenylate kinase, the strong activation of membrane phospholipase C, both in hepatocytes and neutrophils, the block in the expression of the oncogene c-myc in human leukemic cells, accompanied by differentiation of the same cells, the effects on the cyclins and the activity of E2F transcription factor, the strong increase of the expression of the gene for procollagen alfa1(I), occurring due to the activation of the c-jun/junkinases/AP-1 pathway. Moreover, it is able to block the activity of the PDGF-beta receptor. The last facts allow to think that a hydroxynonenal pathway works in the production of fibrosis.

中文翻译:

4-羟基壬醛从病理学到生理学。

4-羟基壬烯醛是脂质过氧化作用的主要产物。由于它是一种易于扩散的物质,因此首先从其毒性的角度进行了研究,被认为能够解释在脂质过氧化增加的情况下所见的“远处损害”。实际上,当以10 microM到1 mM的浓度(通常称为高浓度)使用时,醛能够对几种酶活性产生强烈的抑制作用。但是,当使用浓度为1 microM或更低时,它显示出许多与细胞增殖和分化有关的活性。由于上述浓度通常在正常组织中发现,因此这些作用可视为生理作用。由于正常组织中脂质过氧化水平较低,醛在正常细胞中显示信号传导活性。其中,考虑在肝细胞和中性粒细胞中刺激中性粒细胞趋化性,血浆膜腺苷酸激酶的强活化,膜磷脂酶C的强活化,人白血病细胞中癌基因c-myc表达的阻滞。伴随着相同细胞的分化,对细胞周期蛋白的影响和E2F转录因子的活性,原胶原alfa1(I)基因表达的强烈增加,这是由于c-jun / junkinases的激活引起的/ AP-1途径。而且,它能够阻断PDGF-β受体的活性。最后一个事实可以认为,羟壬醛途径在纤维化的产生中起作用。考虑在肝细胞和中性粒细胞中刺激嗜中性粒细胞趋化性,浆膜腺苷酸激酶的强活化,膜磷脂酶C的强活化,人白血病细胞中癌基因c-myc表达的阻滞,并伴有相同细胞的分化,对细胞周期蛋白的影响以及E2F转录因子的活性,原胶原alfa1(I)基因表达的强烈增加,这是由于c-jun / junkinases / AP-的激活引起的1条途径。而且,它能够阻断PDGF-β受体的活性。最后一个事实可以认为,羟壬醛途径在纤维化的产生中起作用。考虑在肝细胞和中性粒细胞中刺激嗜中性粒细胞趋化性,浆膜腺苷酸激酶的强活化,膜磷脂酶C的强活化,人白血病细胞中癌基因c-myc表达的阻滞,并伴有相同细胞的分化,对细胞周期蛋白的影响以及E2F转录因子的活性,原胶原alfa1(I)基因表达的强烈增加,这是由于c-jun / junkinases / AP-的激活引起的1条途径。而且,它能够阻断PDGF-β受体的活性。最后一个事实可以认为,羟壬醛途径在纤维化的产生中起作用。无论是在肝细胞还是中性粒细胞中,人类白血病细胞中癌基因c-myc的表达受阻,伴随着同一细胞的分化,对细胞周期蛋白的影响和E2F转录因子的活性,其表达的强烈增加胶原蛋白alfa1(I)的基因,由于c-jun / junkinases / AP-1途径的激活而产生。而且,它能够阻断PDGF-β受体的活性。最后一个事实可以认为,羟壬醛途径在纤维化的产生中起作用。无论是在肝细胞还是中性粒细胞中,人类白血病细胞中癌基因c-myc的表达受阻,伴随着同一细胞的分化,对细胞周期蛋白的影响和E2F转录因子的活性,其表达的强烈增加胶原蛋白alfa1(I)的基因,由于c-jun / junkinases / AP-1途径的激活而产生。而且,它能够阻断PDGF-β受体的活性。最后一个事实可以认为,羟壬醛途径在纤维化的产生中起作用。发生的原因是c-jun / junkinases / AP-1途径的激活。而且,它能够阻断PDGF-β受体的活性。最后一个事实可以认为,羟壬醛途径在纤维化的产生中起作用。发生的原因是c-jun / junkinases / AP-1途径的激活。而且,它能够阻断PDGF-β受体的活性。最后一个事实可以认为,羟壬醛途径在纤维化的产生中起作用。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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