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Antiphospholipid antibodies: discovery, definitions, detection and disease.
Progress in Lipid Research ( IF 14.0 ) Pub Date : 2003-04-12 , DOI: 10.1016/s0163-7827(02)00048-6
John A McIntyre 1 , Dawn R Wagenknecht , W Page Faulk
Affiliation  

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are immunoglobulins of IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes that target phospholipid (PL) and/or PL-binding plasma proteins. Detection of aPL in the laboratory is done currently by both immunoassays and functional coagulation tests. Convention defines aPL specificity in immunoassays according to the particular PL substrate present, for example aPS represents antiphosphatidylserine antibodies. This may be technically incorrect inasmuch as a particular PL may be responsible for binding and highly concentrating a specific plasma protein, the latter then becomes the target for the aPL. The binding of beta(2)GP-I (apolipoprotein H) to the negatively charged PL, cardiolipin (CL) provides a good example of this circumstance. In contrast, aPL which specifically prolong coagulation times in in vitro are called lupus anticoagulants (LA). The precise PL target(s) of the aPL responsible for LA activities are unknown and often debated. The persistent finding of aPL in patients in association with abnormal blood clotting and a myriad of neurological, obstetrical and rheumatic disorders often compounded by autoimmune diseases has led to an established clinical diagnosis termed antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The common denominator for these APS patients is the presence of circulating aPL on two or more occasions and the observation of events attributable to abnormal or accelerated blood clotting somewhere in vivo. The purpose of this review is to collect, collate, and consolidate information concerning aPL.

中文翻译:

抗磷脂抗体:发现,定义,检测和疾病。

抗磷脂抗体(aPL)是靶向磷脂(PL)和/或与PL结合的血浆蛋白的IgG,IgM和IgA同种型的免疫球蛋白。目前,在实验室中通过免疫测定和功能性凝血试验都可以检测aPL。常规根据存在的特定PL底物定义了免疫测定中的aPL特异性,例如aPS代表抗磷脂酰丝氨酸抗体。这可能在技术上是不正确的,因为特定的PL可能负责结合并高度浓缩特定的血浆蛋白,然后后者成为aPL的靶标。β(2)GP-1(载脂蛋白H)与带负电荷的PL心磷脂(CL)的结合提供了这种情况的一个很好的例子。相反,在体外特异性延长凝血时间的aPL被称为狼疮抗凝剂(LA)。负责洛杉矶活动的aPL的确切PL目标尚不清楚,并且经常引起争议。在患者中持续发现aPL伴有异常的血液凝结以及多种自身免疫性疾病加重的神经,产科和风湿性疾病,已导致建立了被称为抗磷脂综合症(APS)的临床诊断。这些APS患者的共同点是两次或两次以上存在循环aPL,并观察到体内某处血液异常或加速凝结的事件。审查的目的是收集,整理和合并有关aPL的信息。负责洛杉矶活动的aPL的确切PL目标尚不清楚,并且经常引起争议。在患者中持续发现aPL与异常凝血,无数种神经疾病,产科和风湿病(通常伴有自身免疫性疾病)有关,已导致建立了被称为抗磷脂综合症(APS)的临床诊断。这些APS患者的共同点是两次或两次以上存在循环aPL,并观察到体内某处血液异常或加速凝结的事件。审查的目的是收集,整理和合并有关aPL的信息。负责洛杉矶活动的aPL的确切PL目标尚不清楚,并且经常引起争议。在患者中持续发现aPL与异常凝血,无数种神经疾病,产科和风湿病(通常伴有自身免疫性疾病)有关,已导致建立了被称为抗磷脂综合症(APS)的临床诊断。这些APS患者的共同点是两次或两次以上存在循环aPL,并观察到体内某处血液异常或加速凝结的事件。审查的目的是收集,整理和合并有关aPL的信息。通常由自身免疫性疾病加重的产科和风湿病已导致建立了被称为抗磷脂综合症(APS)的临床诊断。这些APS患者的共同点是两次或两次以上存在循环aPL,并观察到体内某处血液异常或加速凝结的事件。审查的目的是收集,整理和合并有关aPL的信息。通常由自身免疫性疾病加重的产科和风湿病已导致建立了被称为抗磷脂综合症(APS)的临床诊断。这些APS患者的共同点是两次或两次以上存在循环aPL,并观察到体内某处血液异常或加速凝结的事件。审查的目的是收集,整理和合并有关aPL的信息。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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