Vasotocin (AVT) and vasopressin (AVP) are potent modulators of social behaviors in diverse species of vertebrates. This review addresses questions about how and where AVT and AVP act to modulate social behaviors, focusing on research with an amphibian model (Taricha granulosa). In general, the behaviorally important AVT and AVP neurons occur in the forebrain and project to sites throughout the brain. Social behaviors are modulated by AVT and AVP acting at multiple sites in the brain and at multiple levels in the behavioral sequence. This review proposes that AVT and AVP can act on sensory pathways to modulate the responsiveness of neurons to behaviorally relevant sensory stimuli and also can act on motor pathways in the brainstem and spinal cord to modulate the neuronal output to behavior-specific pattern generators. This neurobehavioral model, in which AVT and AVP are thought to modulate social behaviors by affecting sensorimotor processing, warrants further research.

中文翻译：

---

血管收缩素和加压素的行为神经内分泌学和感觉运动加工假说

血管收缩素 (AVT) 和加压素 (AVP) 是多种脊椎动物社会行为的有效调节剂。本综述解决了有关 AVT 和 AVP 如何以及在何处调节社会行为的问题，重点是两栖动物模型 (Taricha granulosa) 的研究。一般来说，行为上重要的 AVT 和 AVP 神经元出现在前脑中，并投射到整个大脑的部位。社交行为受 AVT 和 AVP 的调节，这些 AVT 和 AVP 在大脑中的多个位置和行为序列的多个层次上起作用。本综述提出，AVT 和 AVP 可以作用于感觉通路，调节神经元对行为相关感觉刺激的反应，也可以作用于脑干和脊髓中的运动通路，调节神经元输出到行为特定的模式发生器。这种神经行为模型，