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Assessing the Impact of Removing Select Materials from Coal Mine Overburden, Central Appalachia Region, USA.
Mine Water and the Environment ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-01
Patricio X Pinto 1 , Souhail R Al-Abed 2 , Christopher D Holder 1, 3 , Richard Warner 4 , John McKernan 2 , Stephanie Fulton 5 , Eric Somerville 6
Affiliation  

The exposure of readily soluble components of overburden materials from surface coal mining to air and water results in mineral oxidation and carbonate mineral dissolution, thus increasing coal mine water conductivity. A conductivity benchmark of 300 μS/cm for mine water discharges in the Appalachian region has been suggested to protect aquatic life and the environment. A USGS screening-level leach test was applied to individual strata from three cores collected from a surface mine site in the Central Appalachian region to generate preliminary conductivity rankings, which were used to classify strata for two disposal scenarios: (i) Unmodified Scenario, which included all extracted strata and (ii) Modified Scenario, which excluded 15% (by mass) of the overburden materials with the highest conductivities. We evaluated overburden leaching conductivity using EPA Method 1627 in 18 dry-wet cycles, generating conductivities of 1,020-1,150 μS/cm for the Unmodified Scenario and 624-979 μS/cm for the Modified Scenario. Hence, overburden segregation was successful in reducing the leachate conductivity, but did not reach the proposed benchmark. The leachate was dominated by sulfate in the first four cycles and by bicarbonates in cycles 5-18 in columns with higher sulfur content, while bicarbonates were dominant throughout experiments with lower sulfur content in overburden. The use of conductivity rankings, isolation of potentially problematic overburden strata, and appropriate materials management could reduce conductivity in Central Appalachian streams and other surface mining areas.

中文翻译:

评估从美国中部阿巴拉契亚地区的煤矿覆盖层中清除某些材料的影响。

地表煤矿开采的表土易溶成分暴露于空气和水中会导致矿物氧化和碳酸盐矿物溶解,从而增加煤矿的水电导率。为了保护水生生物和环境,建议在阿巴拉契亚地区的矿井水排放的电导率基准为300μS/ cm。将USGS筛选级浸出试验应用于从中阿巴拉契亚地区露天矿场采集的三个岩心的各个地层中,以产生初步的电导率排名,这些排名用于对两种处置方案的地层进行分类:(i)未修改方案,该方案包括所有提取的地层和(ii)修改方案,其中排除了15%(按质量计)电导率最高的覆盖层材料。我们使用EPA方法1627在18个干湿循环中评估了上覆土淋溶电导率,对于未修改的方案,电导率为1,020-1,150μS/ cm,而对于修改后的方案,电导率为624-979μS/ cm。因此,覆盖层隔离成功降低了渗滤液的电导率,但未达到建议的基准。在前四个循环中,含硫量较高的塔中浸出液以硫酸盐为主,在循环5-18中以碳酸氢盐为主,而在整个实验中,覆盖层中的硫含量较低时,碳酸氢盐占主导地位。使用电导率等级,隔离潜在有问题的上覆地层以及适当的材料管理可能会降低阿巴拉契亚中部溪流和其他露天矿区的电导率。对于未修改的方案,电导率为1,020-1,150μS/ cm,对于修改的方案,电导率为624-979μS/ cm。因此,覆盖层隔离成功降低了渗滤液的电导率,但未达到建议的基准。在前四个循环中,含硫量较高的塔中浸出液以硫酸盐为主,在循环5-18中以碳酸氢盐为主,而在整个实验中,覆盖层中的硫含量较低时,碳酸氢盐占主导地位。使用电导率等级,隔离潜在有问题的上覆地层以及适当的材料管理可能会降低中阿巴拉契亚河流和其他露天矿区的电导率。对于未修改的方案,电导率为1,020-1,150μS/ cm,对于修改的方案,电导率为624-979μS/ cm。因此,覆盖层隔离成功降低了渗滤液的电导率,但未达到建议的基准。在前四个循环中,含硫量较高的塔中浸出液以硫酸盐为主,在循环5-18中以碳酸氢盐为主,而在整个实验中,覆盖层中的硫含量较低时,碳酸氢盐占主导地位。使用电导率等级,隔离潜在有问题的上覆地层以及适当的材料管理可能会降低中阿巴拉契亚河流和其他露天矿区的电导率。覆盖层隔离成功降低了渗滤液的电导率,但未达到建议的基准。在前四个循环中,含硫量较高的塔中浸出液以硫酸盐为主,在循环5-18中以碳酸氢盐为主,而在整个实验中,覆盖层中的硫含量较低,碳酸氢盐占主导地位。使用电导率等级,隔离潜在有问题的上覆地层以及适当的材料管理可能会降低阿巴拉契亚中部溪流和其他露天矿区的电导率。覆盖层隔离成功降低了渗滤液的电导率,但未达到建议的基准。在前四个循环中,含硫量较高的塔中浸出液以硫酸盐为主,在循环5-18中以碳酸氢盐为主,而在整个实验中,覆盖层中的硫含量较低时,碳酸氢盐占主导地位。使用电导率等级,隔离潜在有问题的上覆地层以及适当的材料管理可能会降低中阿巴拉契亚河流和其他露天矿区的电导率。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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