White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is a legume grain crop cultivated since ancient Greece and Egypt. Modern white lupin cultivars are appreciated as a source of protein with positive nutraceutical impact. However, white lupins produce anti-nutritional compounds, quinolizidine alkaloids, which provide bitter taste and have a negative influence on human health. During domestication of this species, several recessive alleles at unlinked loci controlling low alkaloid content were selected. One of these loci, pauper, was exploited worldwide providing numerous low-alkaloid cultivars. However, molecular tracking of pauper has been hampered due to the lack of diagnostic markers. In the present study, the synteny-based approach was harnessed to target pauper locus. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms flanking pauper locus on white lupin linkage map as well as candidate gene sequences elucidated from the narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius L.) chromosome segment syntenic to the pauper linkage group region were transformed to PCR-based molecular markers. These markers were analyzed both in the mapping population and world germplasm collection. From fourteen markers screened, eleven were localized at a distance below 1.5 cM from this locus, including five co-segregating with pauper. The linkage of these markers was confirmed by high LOD values (up to 58.4). Validation performed in the set of 127 bitter and 23 sweet accessions evidenced high applicability of one marker, LAGI01_35805_F1_R1, for pauper locus selection, highlighted by the low ratio of false-positive scores (2.5%). LAGI01_35805 represents a homolog of L. angustifolius acyltransferase-like (LaAT) gene which might hypothetically participate in the alkaloid biosynthesis process in lupins.

中文翻译：

---

开发基于基因的分子标记物标记白羽扇豆（Lupinus albus L.）的低生物碱枯萎基因座。

白羽扇豆（Lupinus albus L.）是自古希腊和埃及以来种植的一种豆类谷物作物。现代白羽扇豆品种被认为是具有积极营养功效的蛋白质来源。但是，白色羽扇豆会产生抗营养化合物喹诺唑烷生物碱，这些化合物可带来苦味，并对人体健康产生负面影响。在该物种的驯化过程中，选择了一些控制低生物碱含量的未连锁基因座的隐性等位基因。这些基因座之一，贫乏，在世界范围内得到了利用，提供了许多低生物碱品种。然而，由于缺乏诊断标志物，贫蛋白分子的追踪受到了阻碍。在本研究中，基于同线性的方式被利用，以目标穷光蛋轨迹。单核苷酸多态性侧翼穷光蛋轨迹上白羽扇豆连锁图谱以及候选基因序列从窄叶羽扇豆阐明（L.狭L.）染色体片段同线到穷光蛋连锁群区域被转化到基于PCR的分子标记。在作图种群和世界种质资源收集中都分析了这些标记。从筛选出的14个标记中，有11个定位在距该基因座1.5 cM以下的位置，包括5个与贫乏者共同分离。这些标记之间的联系被高LOD值（高达58.4）所证实。验证该组中的127进行的苦和甜23个种质证明一个标记，LAGI01_35805_F1_R1的高适用性，对于穷人轨迹选择，由假阳性分数（2.5％）的低比率突出显示。LAGI01_35805表示的同系物L.狭酰基转移酶-样（LAAT可能假设参与羽扇豆的生物碱生物合成过程）基因。