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Amyloid precursor protein, presenilins, and alpha-synuclein: molecular pathogenesis and pharmacological applications in Alzheimer's disease.
Pharmacological Reviews ( IF 19.3 ) Pub Date : 2002-09-12 , DOI: 10.1124/pr.54.3.469
Yoo-Hun Suh 1 , Frederic Checler
Affiliation  

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia that arises on a neuropathological background of amyloid plaques containing beta-amyloid (A beta) derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP) and tau-rich neurofibrillary tangles. To date, the cause and progression of both familial and sporadic AD have not been fully elucidated. The autosomal-dominant inherited forms of early-onset Alzheimer's disease are caused by mutations in the genes encoding APP, presenilin-1 (chromosome 14), and presenilin-2 (chromosome 1). APP is processed by several different proteases such as secretases and/or caspases to yield A beta and carboxyl-terminal fragments, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are associated with the cerebral accumulation of A beta and alpha-synuclein, respectively. Some patients have clinical and pathological features of both diseases, raising the possibility of overlapping pathogenic pathways. Recent studies have strongly suggested the possible pathogenic interactions between A beta, presenilins, and/or alpha-synuclein. Therefore, treatments that block the accumulation of A beta and alpha-synuclein might benefit a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders. This review covers the trafficking and processing of APP, amyloid cascade hypothesis in AD pathogenesis, physiological and pathological roles of presenilins, molecular characteristics of alpha-synuclein, their interactions, and therapeutic strategies for AD.

中文翻译:

淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白,早老蛋白和α-突触核蛋白:阿尔茨海默氏病的分子发病机制和药理应用。

阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)是痴呆症的最常见病因,其发生在含有衍生自淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP)和富含tau的神经原纤维缠结的β淀粉样蛋白(A beta)的淀粉样蛋白斑的神经病理学背景上。迄今为止,家族性和偶发性AD的病因和进展尚未完全阐明。早发性阿尔茨海默氏病的常染色体显性遗传形式是由编码APP,早老素1(染色体14)和早老素2(染色体1)的基因突变引起的。APP由几种不同的蛋白酶(例如分泌酶和/或胱天蛋白酶)加工以产生Aβ和羧基末端片段,这些片段与阿尔茨海默氏病的发病机理有关。阿尔茨海默氏病和帕金森病 的疾病分别与Aβ和α-突触核蛋白的脑积聚有关。一些患者具有两种疾病的临床和病理特征,从而增加了致病途径重叠的可能性。最近的研究强烈暗示了Aβ,早老蛋白和/或α-突触核蛋白之间可能的致病性相互作用。因此,阻断Aβ和α-突触核蛋白积聚的治疗可能会有益于广泛的神经退行性疾病。这篇综述涵盖了APP的运输和加工,AD发病机理中的淀粉样蛋白级联假说,早老蛋白的生理和病理作用,α-突触核蛋白的分子特征,它们的相互作用以及AD的治疗策略。一些患者具有两种疾病的临床和病理特征,从而增加了致病途径重叠的可能性。最近的研究强烈暗示了Aβ,早老蛋白和/或α-突触核蛋白之间可能的致病性相互作用。因此,阻断Aβ和α-突触核蛋白积聚的治疗可能会有益于广泛的神经退行性疾病。这篇综述涵盖了APP的运输和加工,AD发病机理中的淀粉样蛋白级联假说,早老蛋白的生理和病理作用,α-突触核蛋白的分子特征,它们的相互作用以及AD的治疗策略。一些患者具有两种疾病的临床和病理特征,从而增加了致病途径重叠的可能性。最近的研究强烈暗示了Aβ,早老蛋白和/或α-突触核蛋白之间可能的致病性相互作用。因此,阻断Aβ和α-突触核蛋白积聚的治疗可能会有益于广泛的神经退行性疾病。这篇综述涵盖了APP的运输和加工,AD发病机理中的淀粉样蛋白级联假说,早老蛋白的生理和病理作用,α-突触核蛋白的分子特征,它们的相互作用以及AD的治疗策略。因此,阻断Aβ和α-突触核蛋白积聚的治疗可能会有益于广泛的神经退行性疾病。这篇综述涵盖了APP的运输和加工,AD发病机理中的淀粉样蛋白级联假说,早老蛋白的生理和病理作用,α-突触核蛋白的分子特征,它们的相互作用以及AD的治疗策略。因此,阻断Aβ和α-突触核蛋白积聚的治疗可能会有益于广泛的神经退行性疾病。这篇综述涵盖了APP的运输和加工,AD发病机理中的淀粉样蛋白级联假说,早老蛋白的生理和病理作用,α-突触核蛋白的分子特征,它们的相互作用以及AD的治疗策略。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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