Two sets of 40 dairy goat Alpine kids (3-9 days of age) were used to determine effects of group versus individual pens, preweaning access to forage and different milk feeding restriction regimens on preweaning and early postweaning growth. Treatments in the first experiment were: C1: individual pens; C2: two kids per pen; P: group pen; and PF: P plus free access to alfalfa hay. Treatment did not affect ADG gain in the 8-week preweaning phase (167, 173, 167 and 168g per day; S.E.=4.5) or in week 1-12 (137, 134, 149 and 128g per day for C1, C2, P and PF, respectively; S.E.=6.7). Treatments in the second experiment were: AL: ad libitum milk intake with two meals in week 3-8, then 50% of intake on the preceding few days with one meal in week 9-10; R-1X and R-2X: 75% of intake on the last few days of week 2 with one or two meals, respectively, in week 3-8, then, 50% intake with one meal in week 9-10; and R-2X-1X: 75% intake with two meals in week 3-6, then 37.5% intake with one meal in week 7-10. Milk DM intake in week 1-10 was greatest (P<0.05) among treatments for AL (174, 115, 128 and 113g per day for AL, R-2X, R-1X and R-2X-1X, respectively). Starter diet DM intake (g per day) was 51, 78, 72 and 143 in week 7-8 (S.E.=16); 138, 194, 165 and 249 in week 9-10 (S.E.=15); 343, 396, 388 and 417 in week 11-12 (S.E.=47); and 508, 530, 489 and 539 in week 13-14 (S.E.=38) for AL, R-2X, R-1X and R-2X-1X, respectively. ADG (g per day) was 139, 120, 119 and 131 in week 1-10 (S.E.=7) and 105, 109, 123 and 117 in week 11-14 (S.E.=16) for AL, R-2X, R-1X and R-2X-1X, respectively. In conclusion, although group pens and forage access may not enhance ADG of artificially reared dairy goat kids by promoting early dry feed consumption restricted feeding regimens can yield preweaning and early postweaning ADG comparable to ad libitum milk intake. Also, feeding milk in restricted amounts once daily appears feasible, and a second reduction in milk intake in the latter part of the suckling phase may further stimulate dry feed intake.

中文翻译：

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不同管理方式对高山儿童断奶前和断奶后早期生长的影响

两组 40 只高山奶山羊（3-9 日龄）被用来确定群体与个体围栏、断奶前获得草料和不同的牛奶喂养限制方案对断奶前和断奶后早期生长的影响。第一个实验中的处理是： C1：单个围栏；C2：每笔两个孩子；P：组笔；和 PF：P 加上免费获得苜蓿干草。治疗不影响断奶前 8 周（每天 167、173、167 和 168 克；SE=4.5）或第 1-12 周（C1、C2、P 每天 137、134、149 和 128 克）的 ADG 增加和 PF；SE=6.7）。第二个实验中的处理是： AL：在第 3-8 周随两餐随意摄入牛奶，然后在第 9-10 周用一餐摄入前几天摄入量的 50%；R-1X 和 R-2X：在第 2 周的最后几天分别用一餐或两餐摄入 75%，在第 3-8 周，然后在第 9-10 周的一餐中摄入 50%；和 R-2X-1X：第 3-6 周两餐摄入 75%，然后第 7-10 周一餐摄入 37.5%。在 AL 治疗中，第 1-10 周的牛奶 DM 摄入量最大（P<0.05）（AL、R-2X、R-1X 和 R-2X-1X 分别为每天 174、115、128 和 113 克）。在第 7-8 周，起始饮食 DM 摄入量（每天克）为 51、78、72 和 143（SE=16）；第 9-10 周为 138、194、165 和 249（SE=15）；第 11-12 周为 343、396、388 和 417（SE=47）；AL、R-2X、R-1X 和 R-2X-1X 在第 13-14 周 (SE=38) 分别为 508、530、489 和 539。对于 AL、R-2X、R，第 1-10 周 (SE=7) 的 ADG (g/天) 为 139、120、119 和 131，第 11-14 周 (SE=16) 为 105、109、123 和 117分别为 -1X 和 R-2X-1X。综上所述，尽管群体围栏和饲草获取可能不会通过促进早期干饲料消耗来提高人工饲养奶山羊孩子的 ADG，但限制喂养方案可以产生与随意牛奶摄入量相当的断奶前和断奶后早期 ADG。此外，每天一次限制喂奶似乎是可行的，在哺乳期的后期第二次减少牛奶摄入量可能会进一步刺激干饲料摄入量。