The number and size of ruminal papillae, reticular cells and omasal laminae in free-living game deer (red deer, fallow deer, roe deer and mouflon) were examined. Mucosal membrane (MM) specimens were collected from the forestomachs of hunted deer. These parameters were assessed as related to the grazing environment, sex and age of animals. The number and size of ruminal papillae corresponded the best to the feeding specialization of the respective deer species and affecting factors. In two areas under study, the number and size of the ruminal papillae were significantly higher during the growing season than during the winter period (P<0.05) in all four species. Only the papillae on the dorsal wall of the rumen did not respond to seasonal changes (P>0.05). Differences in the number and size of papillae between different deer and mouflon were not significant when compared to sex, or place of origin (P>0.05). The size of the reticular cells and number and size of omasal laminae differed between individual species, but the data were not statistically significant. The parameters assessed in this study corresponded to the dietary choices of each species. The most significant differences were found between roe deer and mouflon. The smallest differences were found between red deer and fallow deer where the ruminal papillae responded to changes in the quality of the food during the year.

中文翻译：

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马鹿、小鹿、狍子和欧洲盘羊前胃粘膜的形态变异

检查了自由生活的野鹿（马鹿、小鹿、狍子和欧洲欧洲盘羊）的瘤胃乳头、网状细胞和颏层的数量和大小。从被猎杀的鹿的前胃收集粘膜（MM）标本。这些参数被评估为与放牧环境、动物的性别和年龄有关。瘤胃乳头的数量和大小与各鹿种的饲养专业性和影响因素相对应。在所研究的两个区域中，所有四个物种在生长季节的瘤胃乳头的数量和大小均显着高于冬季（P <0.05）。只有瘤胃背壁乳头对季节变化无反应（P>0.05）。与性别或原产地相比，不同鹿和欧洲盘羊乳头数量和大小的差异不显着（P>0.05）。网状细胞的大小和颏层的数量和大小因物种而异，但数据没有统计学意义。本研究中评估的参数对应于每个物种的饮食选择。在狍和欧洲盘羊之间发现了最显着的差异。马鹿和小鹿之间的差异最小，其中瘤胃乳头对一年中食物质量的变化做出反应。但数据没有统计学意义。本研究中评估的参数对应于每个物种的饮食选择。在狍和欧洲盘羊之间发现了最显着的差异。马鹿和小鹿之间的差异最小，其中瘤胃乳头对一年中食物质量的变化做出反应。但数据没有统计学意义。本研究中评估的参数对应于每个物种的饮食选择。在狍和欧洲盘羊之间发现了最显着的差异。马鹿和小鹿之间的差异最小，其中瘤胃乳头对一年中食物质量的变化做出反应。