This study investigated the correlation between objective and subjective working hours (OWH and SWH, respectively) and their relation to the workers' health. The study included 6,806 workers of a Japanese company (response rate=86.6%). OWH were collected as the monthly data during fiscal year 2017 from the company record. SWH were self-reported as the weekly data during the past month in November 2017. Both OWH and SWH corresponded to the same period of one month (October 2017). Additionally, the data for the annual health checkup in fiscal year 2017 and self-reported mental health in November 2017 were collected. The results indicated that the longer OWH was related to more underestimation of SWH. The analyses of covariance adjusted for the selected variables showed that irrespective of OWH or SWH, significant relationships were found for stress responses but not for body mass index, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or triglyceride. However, significant relationships with only OWH were noted for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and positive work-related state of mind. The present findings show that SWH should be used carefully when assessing the health effects of long working hours.

中文翻译：

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日本员工的客观和主观工作时间及其对工人健康的作用。


本研究调查了客观和主观工作时间（分别为 OWH 和 SWH）之间的相关性及其与工人健康的关系。该研究包括一家日本公司的 6,806 名员工（回应率为 86.6%）。 OWH 是从公司记录中收集的 2017 财年的月度数据。 SWH是自报的，为2017年11月过去一个月的每周数据。OWH和SWH都对应一个月的同一时期（2017年10月）。此外，还收集了2017财年年度健康检查数据和2017年11月自我报告的心理健康数据。结果表明，较长的 OWH 与更多地低估 SWH 有关。针对所选变量调整的协方差分析表明，无论 OWH 或 SWH，都发现与应激反应存在显着相关性，但与体重指数、天冬氨酸和丙氨酸转氨酶、空腹血糖、血红蛋白 A1c、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇或甘油三酯。然而，仅观察到收缩压和舒张压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶和与工作相关的积极心态与 OWH 存在显着关系。目前的研究结果表明，在评估长时间工作对健康的影响时，应谨慎使用 SWH。