Cortical volumetric asymmetry (CVA) has been widely observed in individuals with psychosis, and is associated with etiological risk factors (e.g., genetics, neuromaturation) and treatment response. However, it is unclear whether CVA abnormalities emerge before psychotic illness onset. Understanding whether CVA manifests in clinical high-risk (CHR)-compared with healthy controls and schizophrenia patients (SCZ)-over time may inform our understanding of pathogenic factors. A total of 233 individuals: 73 CHR, 112 healthy controls, and 48 SCZ underwent an MRI and clinical interviews. Ninety-four individuals including healthy volunteers (HV) (n = 49) and CHR (n = 45), completed another scan at 12-months. CVA was compared by lobe in a repeated-measure design across groups, then nested by time in a longitudinal model. CHR and SCZ groups showed reduced global CVA compared with the healthy control groups but the CHR and SCZ group did not differ from each other. A group by lobe interaction indicated the presence of lobe specific reductions in frontal and cingulate CVA. Cingulate CVA was reduced in CHR and SCZ groups compared to HC groups but did not differ from each other. Frontal CVA was reduced in the older healthy controls compared with younger-HC and CHR, but did not differ from the similarly aged SZ group. CVA is similarly impacted in SCZ and CHR groups, potentially reflecting pathogenic processes. Longitudinal analyses provided further support for the neurodevelopmental hypothesis as CHR exhibited longitudinal changes in opposite directions from normative neuromaturation in HV, which was related to increasing risk for psychosis in the CHR.

中文翻译：

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患有精神病风险综合征和精神分裂症的个体的总体和特定皮层容积不对称：混合的横截面和纵向观点。

皮层体积不对称性（CVA）已在精神病患者中广泛观察到，并与病因危险因素（例如遗传，神经成熟）和治疗反应有关。但是，尚不清楚在精神病发作之前是否会出现CVA异常。与健康对照和精神分裂症患者（SCZ）相比，了解CVA是否在临床高风险（CHR）中表现出来可能会有助于我们对致病因素的了解。总共233人进行了MRI和临床访谈，其中包括73名CHR，112名健康对照和48名SCZ。包括健康志愿者（HV）（n = 49）和CHR（n = 45）的94个人在12个月时完成了另一次扫描。在各组之间通过重复测量设计对叶的CVA进行比较，然后按时间嵌套在纵向模型中。与健康对照组相比，CHR和SCZ组显示出总体CVA降低，但CHR和SCZ组之间没有差异。肺叶相互作用的分组表明在额叶和扣带状CVA中存在肺叶特异性降低。与HC组相比，CHR和SCZ组的扣带状CVA降低，但彼此之间没有差异。与年轻的HC和CHR相比，年龄较大的健康对照组的额叶CVA降低，但与年龄相似的SZ组没有差异。CVA在SCZ和CHR组中受到类似的影响，可能反映了致病过程。纵向分析为神经发育假说提供了进一步的支持，因为CHR与HV规范性神经成熟形成相反方向的纵向变化，这与CHR患精神病的风险增加有关。