Intermediate filaments (IFs), in coordination with microfilaments and microtubules, form the structural framework of the cytoskeleton and nucleus, thereby providing mechanical support against cellular stresses and anchoring intracellular organelles in place. The assembly and disassembly of IFs are mainly regulated by the phosphorylation of IF proteins. These phosphorylation states can be tracked using antibodies raised against phosphopeptides in the target proteins. IFs exert their functions through interactions with not only structural proteins, but also non-structural proteins involved in cell signaling, such as stress responses, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. This review highlights findings related to how IFs regulate cell division through phosphorylation cascades and how trichoplein, a centriolar protein originally identified as a keratin-associated protein, regulates the cell cycle through primary cilium formation.

中文翻译：

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中间丝和 IF 相关蛋白：从细胞结构到细胞增殖。

中间丝（IF）与微丝和微管配合，形成细胞骨架和细胞核的结构框架，从而提供抵抗细胞应力的机械支撑并将细胞内细胞器固定到位。IF的组装和解组装主要受IF蛋白磷酸化的调节。可以使用针对靶蛋白中磷酸肽的抗体来追踪这些磷酸化状态。IF 不仅通过与结构蛋白相互作用，还通过与参与细胞信号转导（例如应激反应、细胞凋亡和细胞增殖）的非结构蛋白相互作用来发挥其功能。这篇综述重点介绍了 IF 如何通过磷酸化级联调节细胞分裂以及 trichoplein（一种最初被鉴定为角蛋白相关蛋白的中心粒蛋白）如何通过初级纤毛形成调节细胞周期相关的发现。