OBJECTIVES The present research examines U.S. lawful permanent residents' (LPRs) motivations to apply for U.S. citizenship (i.e., naturalize). METHOD Study 1 (N = 180; 61% male) LPRs have a mean age of M = 30.78, SD = 8.25. Participants completed a survey. Sixty-seven participants indicated their country of birth as a Central/South American or Caribbean country, 40 as a European country, 44 as an Asian country, 16 as a Southeast Asian or Middle Eastern country, and 13 as an African country. Study 2 (N = 218; 56% male) LPRs have a mean age of M = 30.33, SD = 8.37. Participants completed an experiment. Eighty-three participants indicated their country of birth as a Central/South American or Caribbean country, 55 as a European country, 37 as a Southeast Asian or Middle Eastern country, 31 as an Asian country, and 12 as an African country. RESULTS Study 1 demonstrates that identity concerns, above and beyond perceived realistic concerns, are significantly related to motivation to naturalize. In particular, perception of belonging to the U.S. is positively related to a motivation to naturalize. Moreover, we test a theory-driven model such that higher perceptions of subgroup respect are positively related to a sense of U.S. belonging which, in turn, predicts a motivation to naturalize. Study 2 extends the previous study by manipulating subgroup respect and demonstrating that this affects a sense of belonging to the U.S. which, in turn, predicts a stronger motivation to naturalize. CONCLUSIONS We discuss the implications of the present work for theory and the social issue of naturalization and citizenship. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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移民到公民：有关移民入籍动机的身份问题。

目的本研究研究了美国合法永久居民（LPR）申请美国公民身份（即入籍）的动机。方法研究1（N = 180； 61％男性）LPR的平均年龄为M = 30.78，SD = 8.25。参加者完成了一项调查。67名与会者指出其出生国为中/南美或加勒比海国家，40为欧洲国家，44为亚洲国家，16为东南亚或中东国家，13为非洲国家。研究2（N = 218； 56％男性）LPR的平均年龄为M = 30.33，SD = 8.37。参加者完成了一个实验。八十三名与会代表表示其出生国为中/南美或加勒比海国家，55个欧洲国家，37个东南亚或中东国家，31个亚洲国家和12个非洲国家。结果研究1证明，除了实际感知问题之外，身份问题也与归化动机显着相关。特别是，对属于美国的看法与入籍动机成正比。此外，我们测试了一种理论驱动的模型，以便对子群体的尊重程度更高与美国归属感有正相关，而美国归属感又预示着归化的动机。研究2通过操纵子群体的尊重并证明这会影响对美国的归属感而扩展了先前的研究，而美国的归属感反过来又预示着更自然的归化动机。结论我们讨论了当前工作对理论的影响以及归化和公民身份的社会问题。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。