Pending goals are intentions that are postponed by a planner because they do not fit into the current, ongoing activity. Recognizing later opportunities to achieve pending goals is an important cognitive ability because it allows one to defer work on a goal until one is in a better position to achieve it. This research focuses on when and how pending goals are recognized in everyday planning situations and offers a predictive encoding model of goal representation. Experiment 1 provides evidence that pending goals are stored as long-term memory elements that become associated, at the time of encoding, with features of the environment representing opportunities to achieve the goals, consistent with the predictive encoding model. Experiment 2 shows that these predictive inferences tend to be concrete (e.g., "use Vaseline to remove a stuck ring"), rather than more abstract (e.g., "use any lubricant"), which is nonoptimal for recognizing novel opportunities. However, as shown in Experiment 3, instructions to encode a potential plan with only abstract constraints can lead to recognition of a wider range of opportunities. These findings provide evidence for the predictive encoding model and suggest ways to facilitate the later recognition of opportunities for satisfying pending goals. Copyright 1997Academic Press

中文翻译：

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机会主义计划：提醒未决目标

待定目标是被计划者推迟的意图，因为它们不适合当前正在进行的活动。认识到以后实现未决目标的机会是一种重要的认知能力，因为它允许人们推迟对目标的工作，直到自己处于更好的位置来实现它。这项研究的重点是在日常规划情况下何时以及如何识别待定目标，并提供目标表示的预测编码模型。实验 1 提供的证据表明，未决目标被存储为长期记忆元素，这些元素在编码时与代表实现目标的机会的环境特征相关联，与预测编码模型一致。实验 2 表明这些预测推理往往是具体的（例如，“ 这些发现为预测编码模型提供了证据，并提出了促进后来识别满足未决目标的机会的方法。版权所有 1997 学术出版社 这些发现为预测编码模型提供了证据，并提出了促进后来识别满足未决目标的机会的方法。版权所有 1997 学术出版社