Primary stem cells, after several cell divisions, enter into a senescence state, that is characterized by alterations to spindle-shape typical morphology. This concern is one of the main problems in the use of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in clinical applications which demand cells in large numbers. Short peptides had geroprotective properties and stimulated stem cell differentiation. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the role of AEDG and KED peptides in maintaining oral hMSCs morphology and functions over long-term expansion. 2 types of hMSCs were investigated: human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPLSCs) and human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs). Cells at the 25th passage were divided into 3 groups: 1 – control (without adding peptide), 2 – treated with AEDG peptide, 3 – treated with KED peptide. Cell cultures were analyzed by an immunofluorescence method and RT-PCR on the p16 and p21 senescence markers expression. AEDG peptide decreased p16 and p21 mRNA expression by 1.56–2.44 times in comparison with the control group. KED peptide decreased p16 and p21 mRNA expression by 1.82–3.23 times in comparison with the control group. These results were confirmed by immunofluorescent visualization. AEDG and KED peptides could be used as supplementary substances in a culture medium to delay the expression of senescence markers in long term stem cell cultivation in order to promote the large-scale in vitro expansion necessarily required for stem cell therapy clinical application. The data obtained confirm the geroprotective effect of AEDG and KED peptide, which was shown early in animal and cells models.

中文翻译：

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短肽可防止口腔干细胞老化。

经过几次细胞分裂后，原代干细胞进入衰老状态，其特征是改变了纺锤形的典型形态。这种担忧是在需要大量细胞的临床应用中使用人间充质干细胞（hMSC）的主要问题之一。短肽具有神经保护特性并刺激干细胞分化。该研究的目的是证明AEDG和KED肽在长期扩展中在维持口腔hMSCs形态和功能中的作用。研究了两种类型的hMSC：人牙周膜干细胞（hPLSC）和人牙龈间充质干细胞（hGMSC）。第25代的细胞分为3组：1 –对照（不添加肽），2 –用AEDG肽处理，3 –用KED肽处理。通过免疫荧光方法和RT-PCR分析p16和p21衰老标记表达的细胞培养物。与对照组相比，AEDG肽使p16和p21 mRNA的表达降低了1.56-2.44倍。与对照组相比，KED肽使p16和p21 mRNA的表达降低了1.82–3.23倍。这些结果通过免疫荧光可视化证实。AEDG和KED肽可用作培养基中的补充物质，以延缓长期干细胞培养中衰老标记的表达，从而促进干细胞治疗临床应用所需的大规模体外扩增。获得的数据证实了AEDG和KED肽的抗神经保护作用，这在动物和细胞模型的早期就已显示出来。