Fungi that belong to the genus Paracoccidioides are the etiologic agents of paracoccidioidomycosis, a human systemic mycosis, which occurs in Latin America. Epithelial cell is one of the first cells that interact with these fungi and responds by secreting inflammatory mediators such as cytokines. In the present study, we demonstrate that yeasts of different isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Pb18 and Pb03) and Paracoccidioides lutzii (Pb01) distinctly promoted interleukin (IL)-8 secretion by the lung epithelial cell line A549. Depending on the isolate, this cytokine release may rely on the epithelial cell interaction with fungal secreted components or direct contact with the pathogen. In addition, adhesion of yeasts to the pulmonary epithelial cells was also different among Paracoccidioides isolates, and the highest percentage of A549 cells with adhered fungi was observed with P. lutzii. All Paracoccidioides isolates induced an expression increase of α3 and α5 integrins in A549 cells and, using small interfering RNA, we observed that the integrin silencing promoted a reduction of P. lutzii adhesion, which suggests the involvement of integrins in this event. Together, these results indicate that host epithelial cell response may depend on the isolate of Paracoccidioides.

中文翻译：

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副球菌种对上皮肺细胞表现出独特的真菌粘附性，并促进不同的IL-8分泌水平。

属于副球菌属的真菌是副球菌属真菌病的病原体，这是一种人类系统性真菌病，发生在拉丁美洲。上皮细胞是最早与这些真菌相互作用并通过分泌炎症介质（例如细胞因子）作出反应的细胞之一。在本研究中，我们证明不同分离株的该酵母巴西副（PB18和PB03）和副球孢子lutzii（Pb01）明显促进肺上皮细胞系A549分泌白介素（IL）-8。根据分离物的不同，这种细胞因子的释放可能依赖于上皮细胞与真菌分泌成分的相互作用或与病原体的直接接触。此外，在副球菌分离物中，酵母菌对肺上皮细胞的粘附力也有所不同，并且用P. lutzii观察到具有粘附真菌的A549细胞的最高百分比。所有副球菌分离物均诱导A549细胞中α3和α5整联蛋白表达增加，并且使用小的干扰RNA，我们观察到整联蛋白沉默促进了P. lutzii的减少。粘附，表明整合素参与了该事件。总之，这些结果表明宿主上皮细胞应答可能取决于副球菌的分离。