Background. Rates of progression of motor symptoms and physical performance show declines between 2% and 7% annually in community samples with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the effects of ongoing exercise behaviors on progression rates have not been considered. Objective. The primary purpose of this prospective, longitudinal study was to examine the annual rates of progression in activity and participation measures over five years in community-based exercisers with PD. Methods. A cohort of 55 regular exercisers with idiopathic PD was assessed at baseline and 1, 2, and 5 years. Regular exercise was defined as scores of 4-5 on the Stages for Readiness to Exercise Scale and a self-reported average of at least 60 minutes of exercise/week within six months of each testing session. Unadjusted and adjusted annual progression rates for activity and participation measures were calculated with a standardized equation of change from baseline. A linear mixed model with covariates of age at PD diagnosis and PD subtype was used to determine adjusted change scores. Results. Annual progression rates for unadjusted and adjusted variables were similar, and none exceeded 1.7% across time points for this group of exercisers with PD. Older age at PD diagnosis significantly contributed to faster progression of walking and balance functions. A nonlinear trajectory of the PD progression was demonstrated across most activity and participation outcomes. Conclusions. Annual progression rates demonstrated by this sample of exercisers were lower than those previously reported for motor decline in general samples with PD. Assessing activity and participation outcomes longitudinally at interim time points was important for understanding the trajectory of change over time. The lower rates of progression in this study warrant further investigation into the long-term effects of exercise in PD.

中文翻译：

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帕金森病锻炼者的活动进展率和参与结果：一项为期五年的前瞻性纵向研究。

背景。在患有帕金森病 (PD) 的社区样本中，运动症状和身体机能的进展率每年下降 2% 到 7%。然而，尚未考虑持续运动行为对进展率的影响。客观。这项前瞻性纵向研究的主要目的是检查 PD 社区锻炼者五年内活动和参与措施的年进展率。方法. 在基线和 1、2 和 5 年评估了一组 55 名患有特发性 PD 的定期锻炼者。定期锻炼被定义为在锻炼准备阶段评分为 4-5 分，并且在每次测试后的六个月内，自我报告的平均每周锻炼至少 60 分钟。活动和参与措施的未调整和调整后的年进展率是使用从基线变化的标准化方程计算的。使用具有 PD 诊断年龄和 PD 亚型协变量的线性混合模型来确定调整后的变化评分。结果. 未经调整和调整变量的年进展率相似，这组 PD 锻炼者在不同时间点的进展率均未超过 1.7%。PD 诊断的年龄较大显着促进了步行和平衡功能的更快进展。大多数活动和参与结果都证明了 PD 进展的非线性轨迹。结论。该锻炼者样本显示的年度进展率低于先前报告的一般 PD 样本中运动衰退的进展率。在中间时间点纵向评估活动和参与结果对于了解随时间变化的轨迹很重要。本研究中较低的进展率值得进一步研究运动对 PD 的长期影响。