There are four cone morphologies in zebrafish, corresponding to UV (U), blue (B), green (G), and red (R)-sensing types; yet genetically, eight cone opsins are expressed. How eight opsins are physiologically siloed in four cone types is not well understood, and in larvae, cone physiological spectral peaks are unstudied. We use a spectral model to infer cone wavelength peaks, semisaturation irradiances, and saturation amplitudes from electroretinogram (ERG) datasets composed of multi-wavelength, multi-irradiance, aspartate-isolated, cone-PIII signals, as compiled from many 5- to 12-day larvae and 8- to 18-month-old adult eyes isolated from wild-type (WT) or roy orbison (roy) strains. Analysis suggests (in nm) a seven-cone, U-360/B1-427/B2-440/G1-460/G3-476/R1-575/R2-556, spectral physiology in WT larvae but a six-cone, U-349/B1-414/G3-483/G4-495/R1-572/R2-556, structure in WT adults. In roy larvae, there is a five-cone structure: U-373/B2-440/G1-460/R1-575/R2-556; in roy adults, there is a four-cone structure, B1-410/G3-482/R1-571/R2-556. Existence of multiple B, G, and R types is inferred from shifts in peaks with red or blue backgrounds. Cones were either high or low semisaturation types. The more sensitive, low semisaturation types included U, B1, and G1 cones [3.0–3.6 log(quanta·μm−2·s−1)]. The less sensitive, high semisaturation types were B2, G3, G4, R1, and R2 types [4.3-4.7 log(quanta·μm−2·s−1)]. In both WT and roy, U- and B- cone saturation amplitudes were greater in larvae than in adults, while G-cone saturation levels were greater in adults. R-cone saturation amplitudes were the largest (50–60% of maximal dataset amplitudes) and constant throughout development. WT and roy larvae differed in cone signal levels, with lesser UV- and greater G-cone amplitudes occurring in roy, indicating strain variation in physiological development of cone signals. These physiological measures of cone types suggest chromatic processing in zebrafish involves at least four to seven spectral signal processing pools.

中文翻译：

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斑马鱼发育过程中原位锥波长峰值的应变变化

斑马鱼有四种锥体形态，分别对应UV（U）、蓝色（B）、绿色（G）和红色（R）感应类型；然而在遗传上，表达了八种视锥蛋白。八种视蛋白在四种锥体类型中是如何在生理上孤立的尚不清楚，并且在幼虫中，锥体生理光谱峰尚未研究。我们使用光谱模型从视网膜电图 (ERG) 数据集中推断锥形波长峰值、半饱和辐照度和饱和幅度，这些数据集由多波长、多辐照度、天冬氨酸隔离、锥形 PIII 信号组成，由许多 5 到 12 - 从野生型 (WT) 中分离的天幼虫和 8 至 18 个月大的成年眼睛或罗伊·奥比森（罗伊）菌株。分析表明（以 nm 为单位）一个七锥体，U-360/B1-427/B2-440/G1-460/G3-476/R1-575/R2-556，WT 幼虫的光谱生理学，但是一个六锥体， U-349/B1-414/G3-483/G4-495/R1-572/R2-556，WT 成人的结构。在罗伊幼虫中，有五锥结构：U-373/B2-440/G1-460/R1-575/R2-556；在罗伊大人中，有四锥结构，B1-410/G3-482/R1-571/R2-556。多种 B、G 和 R 类型的存在是从具有红色或蓝色背景的峰的变化中推断出来的。锥体是高或低半饱和类型。更敏感的低半饱和类型包括 U、B1 和 G1 锥体 [3.0–3.6 log(quanta·μm-2·s-1)]。灵敏度较低的高半饱和类型为 B2、G3、G4、R1 和 R2 类型 [4.3-4.7 log(quanta·μm-2·s-1)]。在 WT 和 roy 中，幼虫的 U 和 B 锥饱和幅度大于成虫，而成虫的 G 锥饱和水平更大。R 锥饱和幅度最大（最大数据集幅度的 50-60%）并且在整个开发过程中保持不变。WT 和 roy 幼虫在锥体信号水平上存在差异，在 roy 中出现的紫外线和 G 锥体振幅较小，表明锥体信号生理发育的应变变化。这些锥体类型的生理测量表明斑马鱼的色彩处理涉及至少四到七个光谱信号处理池。