The pharmacokinetics of tylosin were investigated in 3 groups of ducks (n = 6). They received a single dose of tylosin (50 mg/kg) by intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and oral administrations, respectively. Plasma samples were collected at various time points to 24 hr post-administration to evaluate tylosin concentration over time. Additionally, tylosin residues in tissues and its withdrawal time were assessed using 30 ducks which received tylosin orally (50 mg/kg) once daily for 5 consecutive days. After IV administration, the volume of distribution, elimination half-life, area under the plasma concentration-time curve, and the total body clearance were 7.07 ± 1.98 L/kg, 2.04 hr, 19.47 µg hr/ml, and 2.82 L hr-1 kg-1 , respectively. After IM and oral administrations, the maximum plasma concentrations were 3.70 and 2.75 µg/ml achieved at 1 and 2 hr, and the bioavailability was 93.95% and 75.77%, respectively. The calculated withdrawal periods of tylosin were 13, 8, and 5 days for kidney, liver, and muscle, respectively. For the pharmacodynamic profile, the minimum inhibitory concentration for tylosin against M. anatis strain 1,340 was 1 µg/ml. The calculated optimal oral dose of tylosin against M. anatis in ducks based on the ex vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling was 61 mg kg-1 day-1 .

中文翻译：

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泰乐菌素对鸭无性支原体的药代动力学，组织残留和离体药效学。

在3组鸭子（n = 6）中研究了泰乐菌素的药代动力学。他们分别通过静脉内（IV），肌肉内（IM）和口服给药接受单剂量的泰乐菌素（50 mg / kg）。在给药后至24小时的各个时间点收集血浆样品，以评估随时间推移的泰乐菌素浓度。另外，使用30只鸭子，连续5天每天口服一次泰乐菌素（50 mg / kg），评估组织中的泰乐菌素残留量及其撤药时间。静脉内给药后，其分布体积，消除半衰期，血浆浓度-时间曲线下的面积以及全身清除率分别为7.07±1.98 L / kg，2.04 hr，19.47 µg hr / ml和2.82 L hr-。分别为1 kg-1。IM和口服给药后，最大血浆浓度为3.70和2。在1小时和2小时时达到75 µg / ml，生物利用度分别为93.95％和75.77％。对于肾脏，肝脏和肌肉，泰乐菌素的停药期分别为13、8和5天。对于药效学特征，泰乐菌素对Anatis菌株1,340的最小抑菌浓度为1 µg / ml。根据离体药代动力学/药效学模型，计算得出的泰乐菌素对鸭体中的M. anatis的最佳口服剂量为61 mg kg-1 day-1。